Characterization and Differentiation of Circulating Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Role of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase in Modulating the Adhesion

Abstract

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM MSCs) can differentiate into multi-lineage tissues. However, obtaining BM MSCs by aspiration is difficult and can be painful; therefore peripheral blood (PB) MSCs might provide an easier alternative for clinical applications. Here, we show that circulating PB MSCs proliferate as efficiently as BM MSCs in the presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) and that differentiation potential into osteoblast in vitro and in vivo . Both BM MSCs and PB MSCs developed into new bone when subcutaneously transplanted into immune-compromised mice using hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate as a carrier. Furthermore, LY294002 and Wortmannin blocked mesenchymal stem cell attachment in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting a role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase in MSC attachment. Our data showed that the growth of PB MSCs could be regulated by interaction with the ECM and that these cells could differentiate into osteoblasts, suggesting their potential for clinical applications.

Fucoidan (Undaria pinnatifida)/Polydopamine Composite-Modified Surface Promotes Osteogenic Potential of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells

“…The phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol leads to activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which includes key intracellular molecules in the phosphatidylinositol system involved in principle roles across multiple cellular processes [54]. Furthermore, phosphatidylinositol signaling influences cell adhesion and actin cytoskeleton assembly [55,56] and influences the differentiation of stem cells and osteoblasts and also bone homeostasis [57][58][59]. These data suggest that the actin cytoskeleton network, Rap1 signaling, and phosphatidylinositol signaling may be important mechanisms by which the ECM-like architecture of fucoidan/PDA promotes the osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.…”