Characterization and inheritance of seven microsatellite loci from Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, and cross-species amplification in Arctic char, S. alpinus

Crane, Penelope A.; Lewis, Cara J.; Kretschmer, Eric J.; Miller, Steven J.; Spearman, William J.; DeCicco, Alfred L.; Lisac, Mark J.; Wenburg, John K.

doi:10.1007/s10592-004-1853-1

Cited by 54 publications

(28 citation statements)

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“…Second, whereas migration behavior of Dolly Varden and genetic data demonstrate practically complete absence of gene flow between subspecies at present, approximate time when their complete isolation occurred can be determined from l C 1/t, where l is the rate of mutation (Hardy et al, 2003). Empirical estimation of the mutation rate for two loci, Smm 22 and Smm 24 of S. malma from Crane et al (2004) are 2.1 9 10 -3 and 4.4 9 10 -3 , respectively. Since these loci are most variable, these estimates most likely represent the upper limit of the mutational rate for analyzed loci, i.e., the minimum time of complete isolation of subspecies is 3000-4000 generations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DNA was extracted using standard proteinase K tissue digestion and phenol-chloroform purification (Sambrook et al, 1989). We amplified eight microsatellite loci [Smm5, Smm10, Smm17, Smm21, Smm24 (Crane et al, 2004), Ogo1a (Olsen et al, 1998), Ssa197 (O'Reilly et al, 1996 and Omy301 (Estoup et al, 1993)] following the conditions described by Salmenkova et al (2005) and Samusenok et al (2006).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

2010

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Genetic variation at eight microsatellite loci was examined in 21 populations of Dolly Varden charrs, Salvelinus malma, representing five geographical regions (Kamchatka Peninsula, Sea of Okhotsk coast, Sea of Japan coast, Sakhalin Island, and Kuril islands). Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance showed that 11% (58% in terms of R-statistics) of the variation was distributed among of northern subspecies of Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma malma and southern Asian Dolly Varden, S. m. krascheninnikovi while similar values were attributed to the amongregional level within northern Dolly Varden 9% (7%) and southern Asian Dolly Varden 11% (14%). Permutation-based tests indicated a mutational component to genetic differentiation based on allelic size variance and suggested that divergence of the two subspecies had occurred at least 3,000 generations ago. On large spatial scales (within the Asian range of the species), populations clustered according to their geographical location. On smaller scales (within regions and subregions) correlation between genetic and geographic distances was not significant. Northern Dolly Varden has higher allelic diversity and more private alleles than southern subspecies, this probably indicating differences in demographic history.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

2010

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“…2002); Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma ( Smm-17, Smm-21, Smm-22, Smm-24 ; Crane et al. 2004); and rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss ( OMM1105 ; Rexroad et al. 2002) (see May-McNally 2014 for full details).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low levels of hybridization between sympatricArctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) andDollyVarden char (Salvelinus malma) highlights their genetic distinctiveness and ecological segregation

May-McNally

Quinn

Taylor

2015

Ecology and Evolution

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Understanding the extent of interspecific hybridization and how ecological segregation may influence hybridization requires comprehensively sampling different habitats over a range of life history stages. Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) and Dolly Varden (S. malma) are recently diverged salmonid fishes that come into contact in several areas of the North Pacific where they occasionally hybridize. To better quantify the degree of hybridization and ecological segregation between these taxa, we sampled over 700 fish from multiple lake (littoral and profundal) and stream sites in two large, interconnected southwestern Alaskan lakes. Individuals were genotyped at 12 microsatellite markers, and genetic admixture (Q) values generated through Bayesian-based clustering revealed hybridization levels generally lower than reported in a previous study (<0.6% to 5% of samples classified as late-generation hybrids). Dolly Varden and Arctic char tended to make different use of stream habitats with the latter apparently abandoning streams for lake habitats after 2–3 years of age. Our results support the distinct biological species status of Dolly Varden and Arctic char and suggest that ecological segregation may be an important factor limiting opportunities for hybridization and/or the ecological performance of hybrid char.

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“…Paternity was unambiguously assigned manually. We used the primers Smm_22 and Smm_24, which were isolated and characterized from other salmonid species by Crane et al (2004). We chose these primers based on a previous study from the same population, which demonstrated high polymorphism at these loci ( Table 1 in Westgaard et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the relative effect of spawning asynchrony, sperm quantity, and sperm quality on paternity under sperm competition in an external fertilizer

et al. 2015

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Citation:Egeland TB, Rudolfsen G, Nordeide JT and Folstad I (2015) On the relative effect of spawning asynchrony, sperm quantity, and sperm quality on paternity under sperm competition in an external fertilizer. Front. Ecol. Evol. 3:77. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2015.00077 On the relative effect of spawning asynchrony, sperm quantity, and sperm quality on paternity under sperm competition in an external fertilizer How much of a fitness benefit is obtained by dominant males of external fertilizers from releasing ejaculates in synchrony with female egg-release when engaging in sperm competition, and what is the most important sperm trait for paternity in these situations? The Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) is an external fertilizer experiencing intense male-male competition over reproductive opportunities including sperm competition. To compensate for their disadvantage the sneaker males, which often spawn out of synchrony with the female, produce more and faster sperm than the guarding males. We used controlled in vitro fertilization trials with experimentally produced dominant and subordinate, sneaker males to test what effect relative synchrony in gamete release, sperm quality (i.e., motility and velocity) and sperm quantity have on a male's fertilization success in pair-wise sperm competitions. When the sneaker males released ejaculates after the guarding male there was no overall difference in fertilization success. The quality (i.e., motility and velocity) of a male's sperm relative to that of the competing male was the best predictor of male fertilization success regardless of their mating tactic and spawning synchrony. The relative number of sperm cells also had an effect on fertilization success, but mainly when the dominant and sneaker male ejaculated synchronously. Our close imitation of natural sperm competition in charr shows that the sneaker males of external fertilizing species may fully compensate for their disadvantaged mating role by producing ejaculates of higher quality-an adjustment strangely not met by dominants.

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Characterization and inheritance of seven microsatellite loci from Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma, and cross-species amplification in Arctic char, S. alpinus

Cited by 54 publications

References 10 publications

Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

Microsatellite genetic variation of Asian populations of Dolly Varden char

Low levels of hybridization between sympatricArctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) andDollyVarden char (Salvelinus malma) highlights their genetic distinctiveness and ecological segregation

On the relative effect of spawning asynchrony, sperm quantity, and sperm quality on paternity under sperm competition in an external fertilizer

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