Characterization and pharmacological properties of in vitro propagated clones of Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small

Abstract

Tissue culture techniques have been used to establish and maintain a repository of medicinal Echinacea. In vitro clones obtained from hypocotyls of germinated seeds, varied macroscopically, microscopically and exhibited variation in immune enhancing activity. Two in vitro produced clones of Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small (ETN 03 and ETN 11) were identified as high and low activity based on the activation of human monocytes. Phenotypic analyses of ETN 03 and ETN 11 clones were done using AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) assay. Results of the AFLP assay revealed that no mutation has occurred during in vitro multiplication, storage, and acclimatization into soil. Plants of ETN 03, ETN 11 clones were cultivated for two growing seasons. Extracts of their dry leaves and roots exhibited immune enhancing activity; however, the variation in activity noticed between clones during micropropagation diminished and was no longer statistically relevant.

Effect of UV irradiation on Echinaceae purpureae interactions with free radicals examined by an X-band (9.3 GHz) EPR spectroscopy

“…Application of EPR spectroscopy at the X-band (9.3 GHz) in food biophysics was confirmed. EPR spectra of the paramagnetic reference were used to determine antioxidative properties of the popular herb as E. purpureae (Kočevar et al ., 2012 ; Moraes et al ., 2011 ; Ghedira et al ., 2008 ; Schapowal, 2013 ) with pharmacological interactions in human organism. The changes of shape and amplitudes of EPR spectra of DPPH in ethanol alcohol solution as the result of interactions of E. purpureae with free radicals of this reference were observed (Table 1 ; Figs.…”

“…It has the prophylactic effect and helps in the treatment of respiratory infections, flu, and tonsillitis. It is also recommended by recurrent infections of the urinary tract and inflammation of the ascending cholangitis (Kočevar et al 2012 ; Moraes et al ., 2011 ).…”

“…The herb is useful in healing wounds, ulcers, burns, frostbite, and pressure ulcers. It supports the treatment of acne, psoriasis, eczema and herpes, as well as inflammatory vagina and vulva (Kočevar et al ., 2012 ; Moraes et al ., 2011 ; Ghedira et al ., 2008 ; Schapowal, 2013 ).…”

Diversity and Biological Activities of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Micropropagated Medicinal Plant <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> (L.) Moench

“…Echinacea is the second top-selling botanical supplement in the US market due to immune modulator properties [7]. Moraes et al [8] established an in vitro repository of Echinacea sp. to produce healthy plants in an effort to identify the active constituents responsible for the immune enhancing activities.…”

Genomic profile of the plants with pharmaceutical value

“… Diagnostic marker for endive and chicory Kiers et al ( 2000 ) Azadirachta indica Clonal fidelity in tissue culture raised plants Singh et al ( 2002 ) Actaea racemosa L. Identification and discrimination from three other closely related sympatric species Zerega et al ( 2002 ) Papaver (section Oxytona), in vitro cell lines of P. bracteatum Assessment species differentiation and genetic variability of in vitro-cultured plantlets Carolan et al ( 2002 ) Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Establishing clonal fidelity of tissue culture-raised plants Singh et al ( 2002 ) Solanum nigrum complex Assessment of genetic relationship between 14 genotypes of black nightshade Jacoby et al ( 2003 ) Echinacea purpurea Genetic mapping of via DNA fingerprinting of individual pollen Aziz and Sauve ( 2008 ) Taxus wallichiana Assessment of genetic variation in nine natural populations from western part of the Himalayan ranges Mohapatra et al ( 2009 ) Carthamus tinctorius Inheritance and molecular marker analyses for HSYA trait Zhang et al ( 2009 ) Echinacea tennesseensis (Beadle) Small Phenotypic analyses during in vitro multiplication, storage, and acclimatization into soil Moraes et al ( 2011 ) Valeriana jatamansi Jones Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure in Western Himalaya, India Rajkumar et al ( 2011 ) …”