Characterization and quality assessment of granitic building stone deposits: A case study of two different Portuguese granites

Sousa, Luís; Barabasch, Jessica; Stein, Karl-Jochen; Siegesmund, Siegfried

doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2017.01.030

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Some studies have shown the higher susceptibility to salt weathering of more porous limestones [17,35,50], with similar results for granites [28] and for highly porous sandstones [53]. The same trend has been obtained in terms of the effects of acid solutions on limestones [38,44].…”

Section: Pore Network Featuressupporting

confidence: 62%

Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

2020

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This work presents a review of recent publications, with publication date between 2017 and 2019, with information on the relation between rock characteristics and the effects of diverse agents associated with alteration of stone materials in the built environment. It considers information obtained from ageing tests performed under laboratory conditions and by exposure to outdoor agents. Several lithological groups were considered, with sedimentary carbonate rocks being the most frequently studied lithotypes and silicate metamorphic rocks being the group with scarcer information. In terms of ageing tests, salt weathering was the most frequent one while there was a noticeable lesser amount of information from tests with biological colonization. The collected data showed the influence of diverse features, from specific minerals to whole-rock properties and the presence of heterogeneities. These information are discussed in the context of formulating a general framework for stone decay.

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Section: Pore Network Featuressupporting

confidence: 62%

Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

2020

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“…The fracture system of a geological body includes all planar elements, which result in a dissection of the rock body (Palmström 1995, Mosch et al 2011, Sousa et al 2017). The essential basic types are faults, joints, cracks, fractures, microcracks, bedding and shear planes.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, most computational approaches are based on a nearly orthogonal reference system, thus in many cases no reliable statement can be made regarding block volumes and block shape (e.g., Singewald, 1992;Palmström, 1982Palmström, , 1986. Therefore, computer-aided modelling (e.g., Nikolayev et al, 2007, Mosch et al 2011, Sousa et al 2017) of a speci c rock complex can often support the economic viability of a deposit. In this context analyses of joints, bedding planes and fault planes are of particular importance.…”

Section: Record Of the Fracture System And Its Presentation Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Analysis as an Important Tool for an Optimizing Block Extraction of Natural Stones

Schneider-Löbens

Siegesmund

Stein³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The steadily increasing demand on the natural stone market is accompanied by a predominantly poor economic balance in the extraction of the raw material "ornamental stone". Thus, the net production of raw blocks is far too low in relation to the resulting overburden, which is often the result of insufficient geoscientific input and evaluation of the deposit itself and the deposit-controlling factors.Under these conditions, the investigation pursued the goal of capturing an essential part of the geological conditions with the analytical observation of the fractures systems, in order to contribute to an optimized stone extraction. Only by critically derived constraints on the quarrying process based on the geological situation can the economic viability of natural stone deposits be maintained or increased in the long term, and this from an environmentally friendly point of view.Profitable dimensional stone production mainly depends on the number of extracted blocks. Compared to statistical approaches the application of the 3D-BlockExpert computer code is based on modelling the block sizes on the discontinuity system such as fracture spacing and fracture orientation. The assessment of all joint and fracture systems provides a forwards-looking approach for sustainable quarry management. It is essential to make the best possible use of high-quality material and to minimize the impact of quarrying activities to nature. Investigations were carried out in quarry areas of different lithologies in Germany and Spain like sandstones, limestones, slate and granites. The block sizes, the irregularity of acute-angled blocks and the waste to block ratio controls the economic success by avoiding time- and cost-consuming procedures based on geoscientific considerations.

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“…Marble is the rock most prone to undergo such permanent deformation caused by the textural characteristics together with thermal strain in calcite (Siegesmund et al 2000;Siegesmund et al 2008;Menningen et al 2018). Weathered granites can also display bowing behaviour (Sousa et al 2017;. Although this phenomenon is described in many rock types there are scarce mentions to limestones (Siegesmund 2008).…”

Section: Bowing Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petrophysical Properties of Limestones - Influence On Behaviour Under Different Environmental Conditions And Applications

Sousa

Menningen

López-Doncel

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Limestones have wide variety, namely by differences in the process of formation, mineralogical composition, grain size and texture. Such variability leads to differences in weathering characteristics and behaviour under different environmental conditions and applications. Therefore, detailed studies are mandatory to assess the main factors controlling the physical-mechanical properties and the durability to propose the best applications for the limestones. This study presents the petrographic and petrophysical data of eleven selected Portuguese limestones. Texture, mineralogy and porosity were identified as key parameters for the durability of limestones. Two main groups were identified regarding the texture/petrography and weathering resistance; the compact micritic limestones and with the sparitic grainstones. For the first time an outstanding bowing behaviour was identified in a limestone, probably related with clay swelling minerals and iron oxides present in the micrite groundmass around or in the stylolitic planes.

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Characterization and quality assessment of granitic building stone deposits: A case study of two different Portuguese granites

Cited by 30 publications

References 52 publications

Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

Rock Features and Alteration of Stone Materials Used for the Built Environment: A Review of Recent Publications on Ageing Tests

Joint Analysis as an Important Tool for an Optimizing Block Extraction of Natural Stones

Petrophysical Properties of Limestones - Influence On Behaviour Under Different Environmental Conditions And Applications

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