Characterization and source identification of airborne particulate loadings at receptor site-classes of Lagos Mega-City, Nigeria

Abstract

Size segregated suspended particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM2.5-10) were collected using Gent low-volume air sampler at four different receptor site-classes in Lagos Mega City, Nigeria. The particulate mass loading was quantified and the concentration was analyzed to examine the pattern and variation from one receptor site-class to another. The PM2.5/PM10 ratio varied among the site-classes with the residential and marine sites having the least and highest ratio of 0.31 +/- 0.13 and 0.49 +/- 0.17 respectively. Particulate loading was higher on weekdays than on weekends (by a factor of about 1.5) in all but the marine site-class.The mean PM2.5/PM10 ratio is 0.41 +/- 0.15, which suggests that traffic emission is not the principal source of the Particulate Matter (PM). The INAA assay of the particulates detected ten elements: As, Br, Ce, K, La, Mo, Na, Sb, Sm and Zn. Except for Br, Mo and Sb, the detected elements were more pronounced in the coarse-fractioned filter Principal Component Factor Analysis (PCFA) of the detected elements identified some common sources (traffic-related, traffic emission, sea-salt and industrial emission) for both PM fractions at the four receptor site-classes.

Temporal Variability of Particulate Matter in Urban Area of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

“…The result of this study however, agreed with the work of these other researchers in Nigeria with a PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio below 0.5 [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Assessment of the fate and intensity of particulate matter associated with playgrounds in traffic-congested areas of yenagoa metropolis, Nigeria

“…20 In some randomly selected Lagos levels of PM 2.5 and PM10 were 27 and 69μg/m 3 respectively. 21 In Abuja and Aba, the level of PM 2.5 was 14 μg/m 3 and 102 μg/m 3 while PM 10 level was reported as 38μg/m 3 and 553 μg/m 3 . The reports of Obioh et al 22 has revealed the PM 10 concentration of 38 μg/m 3 in Abuja and 553 μg/m 3 in Aba, and PM 2.5 concentration varying between 14μg/m 3 in Abuja and 102 μg/m3 in Aba.…”

Particulate Matter: An Approach to Air Pollution

“…In one of the studies at receptor sites in Lagos, Nigeria the PM levels were reported higher than the 150 µg/m 3 set by NAAQS. The authors reported between 150 and 240µg/m 3 for PM2.5 and 370-600µg/m 3 for PM10 (Owoade et al, 2013). Minka and Ayo (2014) documented that in harmattan period at the northern part of Nigeria, 400 -1200 kg/ha dust particles were deposited as compared to 100-400kg/ha in the Southern part.…”