Characterization, Antioxidant, Anti-Aging and Organ Protective Effects of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Flammulina velutipes

Abstract

As an irreversible and complex degenerative physiological process, the treatment for aging seems strategically necessary, and polysaccharides play important roles against aging owing to their abundant bioactivities. In this paper, the antioxidant and anti-aging activities of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FPS) and its sulfated FPS (SFPS) on d-galactose-induced aging mice were investigated. The in vitro antioxidant activities demonstrated that SFPS had strong reducing power and superior scavenging effects on 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals and the chelating activities of Fe2+. The in vivo animal experiments manifested that the SFPS showed superior antioxidant and protective abilities against the d-galactose-induced aging by increasing the antioxidant enzyme activities, decreasing lipid peroxidation, improving the inflammatory response and ameliorating the anile condition of mice. Furthermore, the structural analysis of SFPS was investigated through FT-IR, NMR, and HPLC analysis, and the results indicated that SFPS was a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a weight-average molecular weight of 2.81 × 103 Da. Furthermore, SFPS has also changed in characteristic functional groups and monosaccharide composition compared to FPS. These results suggested that sulfated modification could enhance the anti-oxidation, anti-aging and protective activities of F. velutipes polysaccharides, which may provide references for the development of functional foods and natural medicines.

The Effect of Flammulina velutipes Polysaccharide on Immunization Analyzed by Intestinal Flora and Proteomics

“…Flammulina velutipes is one of the most popular edible mushrooms that contain triterpenes, polysaccharides, sterols and vitamins. F. velutipes polysaccharides have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, immune modulatory, and intestinal flora activities (7)(8)(9)(10). Earlier experiments of our group found that F. velutipes polysaccharides were non-toxic and could promote intestinal motility and improve constipation in rats (11).…”

Adsorption and Desorption Characteristics of Total Flavonoids from Acanthopanax senticosus on Macroporous Adsorption Resins

“…The method of scavenging DPPH free radicals has been widely used to study the antioxidant capacity of a substance [ 33 ]. Figure 9 A shows that, regarding the DPPH scavenging ratio in the concentration range of 40 ug·mL −1 to 120 ug·mL −1 , the DPPH scavenging ratio was increased with the increasing concentration of EAS and ASTFs, and, when the concentration of EAS and ASTF was 200 ug·mL −1 , the scavenging ratio reached 88.91% and 90.56%.…”

Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seeds Dietary Supplementation Regulates Liver Antioxidant Defense Systems in Aging Mice

“…The SOD is a naturally occurring superoxide free radical scavenger that converts harmful superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide [34]. A recent study conducted by Yuan and colleagues [35] on the anti-aging, antioxidant, and organ-protective potential of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide correlated severe oxidative damage with the decrease in SOD, glutathione peroxidase, and other enzymes and increase in MDA levels. Further, the results of this work revealed that the treatment with sulfated polysaccharide significantly enhanced the antioxidant enzymes and reduced lipid peroxidation products.…”