Characterization of 13 microsatellite marker loci in Verreaux's sifaka (<i>Propithecus verreauxi</i>)

Rakotoarisoa, Gilbert; Shore, Gary E.; McGuire, Susie M.; Engberg, Shannon E.; Louis, Jr Edward E.; Brenneman, Rick A.

doi:10.1111/j.1471-8286.2006.01458.x

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Details of the procedures used for genotyping and for evaluating parentage and estimated relatedness are discussed in Abondano (2014) and Perofsky et al (2021). Briefly, we used DNA extracted from either fecal samples or tissue biopsies collected during captures to genotype all individuals at a set of 14 loci known to be variable in other populations of wild sifaka (Lawler et al, 2001;Rakotoarisoa et al, 2006). The average allelic diversity across loci was 10.2 ± 3.1 SD, and the average H e across loci was 0.79 ± 0.06.…”

Section: Analyses Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Female Leverage: The Influence of Kinship and Market Effects on the Extent of Female Power Over Males in Verreaux’s Sifaka

2022

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Female mammals employ reproductive strategies (e.g., internal gestation) that result in power asymmetries specific to intersexual dyads. Because the number of eggs available for fertilization at any given time for most mammals is quite limited, having a fertilizable egg is potentially an important source of economic power for females. Control over mating opportunities is a source of intersexual leverage for female Verreaux’s sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi). We examined economic factors thought to influence the value of mating opportunities, and, thus, the extent of female leverage: kinship and market effects. Using a longitudinal dataset of agonistic interactions collected during focal animal sampling of all adult individuals in 10 social groups from 2008 to 2019, we tested the effects of relatedness, female parity, reproductive season, and adult sex ratio (population and group) on (1) the direction of submissive signaling and (2) which sex won a contested resource. While 96% of the acts of submission were directed from males toward females, females only won a third of their conflicts with males. Thus, our study has implications for evolutionary explanations of female-biased power. If female power evolved due to their greater need for food and other resources, then intersexual conflicts would be expected to result in males more consistently relinquishing control of resources. As expected, males were more likely to chatter submissively toward successful mothers, during the mating season, and when the sex ratio was male-biased. Although females generally had less power to win a conflict when their fertilizable egg was less valuable (when they were nulliparous or unsuccessful mothers or when interacting with male kin) and with an increasing female-bias in the sex ratio, this ability to win additionally was influenced by which sex initiated the conflict. Our study demonstrates that female leverage can be influenced by the supply and demand for mating opportunities, but evoking submission does not translate into winning a resource. Indeed, intersexual power is dynamic, contextual, and dependent on the individuals in the dyad.

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Section: Analyses Predictorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in Female Leverage: The Influence of Kinship and Market Effects on the Extent of Female Power Over Males in Verreaux’s Sifaka

2022

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“…For this assay, we prepared a set of reactions using non-human primate DNA extracted from Propithecus verreauxi (Verreaux's sifaka) ear punches, collected by Rebecca Lewis (University of Texas at Austin). We quantified a Short Tandem Repeat (STR) locus, with alleles ranging in size from 109–130 bp, using the species specific primer set 47HDZ22 [ 31 ]. Using the SYBR Fast qPCR kit (Kappa Biosystems), including 1 μL of 20 mg/mL BSA (Roche), a set of standards was prepared in duplicate using 2 μL of Verreaux's sifaka DNA in a 10 μL reaction volume.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Cytosine Methylation in Ancient DNA from Five Native American Populations Using Bisulfite Sequencing

2015

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While cytosine methylation has been widely studied in extant populations, relatively few studies have analyzed methylation in ancient DNA. Most existing studies of epigenetic marks in ancient DNA have inferred patterns of methylation in highly degraded samples using post-mortem damage to cytosines as a proxy for cytosine methylation levels. However, this approach limits the inference of methylation compared with direct bisulfite sequencing, the current gold standard for analyzing cytosine methylation at single nucleotide resolution. In this study, we used direct bisulfite sequencing to assess cytosine methylation in ancient DNA from the skeletal remains of 30 Native Americans ranging in age from approximately 230 to 4500 years before present. Unmethylated cytosines were converted to uracils by treatment with sodium bisulfite, bisulfite products of a CpG-rich retrotransposon were pyrosequenced, and C-to-T ratios were quantified for a single CpG position. We found that cytosine methylation is readily recoverable from most samples, given adequate preservation of endogenous nuclear DNA. In addition, our results indicate that the precision of cytosine methylation estimates is inversely correlated with aDNA preservation, such that samples of low DNA concentration show higher variability in measures of percent methylation than samples of high DNA concentration. In particular, samples in this study with a DNA concentration above 0.015 ng/μL generated the most consistent measures of cytosine methylation. This study presents evidence of cytosine methylation in a large collection of ancient human remains, and indicates that it is possible to analyze epigenetic patterns in ancient populations using direct bisulfite sequencing approaches.

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Female Power in Verreaux’s Sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) Is Based on Maturity, Not Body Size

et al. 2019

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Characterization of 13 microsatellite marker loci in Verreaux's sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi)

Cited by 3 publications

References 6 publications

Variation in Female Leverage: The Influence of Kinship and Market Effects on the Extent of Female Power Over Males in Verreaux’s Sifaka

Variation in Female Leverage: The Influence of Kinship and Market Effects on the Extent of Female Power Over Males in Verreaux’s Sifaka

Detection of Cytosine Methylation in Ancient DNA from Five Native American Populations Using Bisulfite Sequencing

Female Power in Verreaux’s Sifaka (Propithecus verreauxi) Is Based on Maturity, Not Body Size

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