Characterization of a new strain of HHV-6 (HHV-6SF) Recovered from the saliva of an HIV-infected individual

Levy, Jay A.; Ferro, Frank; Lennette, Evelyne T.; Oshiro, Lyndon S.; Poulin, Louise

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(90)90384-4

Cited by 69 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[11][12][13][14][15] In the present report, we describe two cases of immunocompetent adults who presented with fever and generalized lymphadenopathy, and on biopsy were found to have viral lymphadenitis with massive numbers of viral inclusions in CD4-positive T lymphocytes. The presence of the virus in these cells was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, and electron microscopy and molecular studies identified distinctive features of HHV-6B.…”

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confidence: 99%

Human herpesvirus-6-associated acute lymphadenitis in immunocompetent adults

et al. 2004

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In contrast to other causes of herpetic lymphadenitis, the histological features associated with human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) infection have remained elusive since its discovery in 1986. We describe the histologic and phenotypic changes associated with acute HHV-6 lymphadenitis in two immunocompetent adults who presented with fever, fatigue, generalized lymphadenopathy, and elevated liver enzymes. Serologic tests for human immunodeficiency virus, acute Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus infection were negative. Lymph node biopsies were consistent with viral lymphadenitis. Intranuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions were identified in CD4-positive T lymphocytes in expanded paracortical areas. Immunohistochemical staining with monoclonal antibody to the HHV-6 gp60/110 kDa envelope glycoprotein showed that the inclusions were positive for viral antigen. Electron microscopy demonstrated numerous viral particles in the cytoplasm and nucleus, characteristic of Herpesviridae family. Clustering of viral particles was observed, which has previously been reported only in infected tissue culture cells. PCR followed by sequencing of DNA extracted from the lymph nodes identified the virus as HHV-6, type B. This is the first report that documents distinctive histologic features of HHV-6 lymphadenitis and demonstrates that the cells harboring the virus in vivo are CD4-positive T lymphocytes.

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confidence: 99%

Human herpesvirus-6-associated acute lymphadenitis in immunocompetent adults

et al. 2004

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“…Most exanthem subitum isolates from infants have been group B, but strains of both groups, A and B, have been isolated from two patients (Dewhurst et al, 1992). Strains from either group, including GS, Ul102, Z29 and SF, have been isolated from adults infected with HIV (Salahuddin et al, 1986;Downing et al, 1987;Lopez et al, 1988;Levy et al, 1990b). Human sera are broadly crossreactive and cannot distinguish strain groups in immunofluorescence tests or radioimmunoassays, although the groups can be differentiated in reactions with certain MAbs, in particular those recognizing envelope glycoproteins Chandran et al, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As HHV-6 has a tropism similar to that of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in infections of CD4 ÷ T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages (Yamanishi et al, 1988;Okuno et al, 1989;Levy et al, 1990a;Kondo et al, 1991;Wrzos et al, 1990), it has been suggested that HHV-6 may reactivate and participate in AIDS or cause complications in immunodeficient transplant or cancer patients (Lusso et al, , 1991Morris et al, 1989;Ward et al, 1989;Okuno et al, 1990;Carrigan et al, 1991). Complications include fatal fulminant hepatitis (Asano et al, 1990) and HHV-6-associated interstitial pneumonitis in bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A possible site of latent virus DNA has been identified in monocytes or macrophages (Kondo et al, 1991) and initial infection may occur through epithelial cells in salivary glands which can harbour the virus (Fox et al, 1990;Levy et al, 1990a). Primary infection is inapparent or causes a mild skin rash in infants, 'exanthem subitum' (Yamanishi et al, 1988;Dewhurst et al, 1992); seroconversion (60 % to 90% of 0001-1373 © 1993 SGM the population) occurs usually before 1 year of age (Briggs et al, 1988;Okuno et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Two groups of human herpesvirus 6 identified by sequence analyses of laboratory strains and variants from Hodgkin's lymphoma and bone marrow transplant patients

Gompels

Carrigan

Carss

et al. 1993

Journal of General Virology

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Fifteen human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) strain variants were analysed by PCR amplifications, restriction enzyme site polymorphism and sequence analyses. Three DNA regions were chosen for study: a fragment of a variable glycoprotein gene (210 bp), the conserved glycoprotein H (gH) gene complete with intergenic sequences (2381 bp) and the 5' intergenic region with the Nterminal coding sequence of gH up to a polymorphic BamHI site (427 bp). Infected cell DNA from five laboratory reference strains including GS, Ul102, AJ, Z29 and KF were examined together with DNA from peripheral blood lymphocytes infected with HHV-6 reactivated from blood and/or marrow from five bone marrow transplant (BMT) patients. Separate blood and marrow isolates were obtained from four BMT patients. In addition, HHV-6 sequences were examined directly from one of six Hodgkin's lymphomas and six B cell proliferations which contained HHV-6 DNA as detected by PCR amplification. The results show two groups of very closely related but heterogeneous strains which correlate with previous groupings by antigenic and restriction site differences. These are variant A strains (including laboratory strains GS, Ul102 and AJ) and variant B strains (including laboratory strains Z29 and KF, the Hodgkin's lymphoma strain, and the nine BMT patient isolates). Variations between the groups were 4 to 6 % in nucleotide sequence and 5 to 8.5 % in amino acid sequence. Within each group maximum heterogeneity was observed in different genes. Variant A strains differed by 2-0% in the variable glycoprotein gene sequence whereas variant B strains were identical in this region; conversely, variant B strains differed by 2 to 3 % in the gH N-terminal and intergenic sequences whereas variant A strains differed there by less than 0'2%. There was evidence for sequence drift independent of selection: relationships between the groups were shown by analyses of amino acid sequence, coding nucleotide sequence as well as intergenic sequence, and the B variant-specific BamHI site in the gH gene was due to a non-coding nucleotide substitution. There was little evidence for in vivo or in vitro variation: the gH nucleotide sequence from the uncultured lymphoma strain (first variant B gH gene identified) was almost identical to the gH sequence from four BMT isolates, and matched BMT isolates from blood and marrow were identical or with a single nucleotide substitution. The overall variation observed between the HHV-6 strain groups was similar or less than that seen between human cytomegalovirus strains such as AD169 or Towne, but deafly distinct from the much greater divergence between currently designated herpesvirus species.

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“…Human herpesvirus-6 is tropic for glioblastoma cell lines and for embryonic glia (Tedder et al, 1987). The SF strain of HHV-6B replicates at low levels persistently in the neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-MC (Levy et al, 1990a). Furthermore, both HHV-6A and HHV-6B variants infect primary human fetal astrocytes in cell culture (He et al, 1996).…”

Section: In Vitro Biologic Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Herpesvirus-6: Neurologic Implications of a Newly-Described Viral Pathogen

Kimberlin

Whitley

1998

J Neurovirol

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Discovered only 12 years ago, human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) has been associated with central nervous system (CNS) ®ndings such as febrile seizures, encephalitis, meningitis, and possibly multiple sclerosis. These manifestations have been reported in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The applications of such sophisticated laboratory tools as polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical staining, and representational difference analysis have expanded knowledge of the spectrum of CNS disease attributable to HHV-6 while delineating pathogenic mechanisms of both primary HHV-6 infection and reactivation from latency. This article reviews existing knowledge of the CNS manifestations of HHV-6, focusing on both clinical aspects of HHV-6 infection and its pathogenesis on neurologic diseases.

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Characterization of a new strain of HHV-6 (HHV-6SF) Recovered from the saliva of an HIV-infected individual

Cited by 69 publications

References 32 publications

Human herpesvirus-6-associated acute lymphadenitis in immunocompetent adults

Human herpesvirus-6-associated acute lymphadenitis in immunocompetent adults

Two groups of human herpesvirus 6 identified by sequence analyses of laboratory strains and variants from Hodgkin's lymphoma and bone marrow transplant patients

Human Herpesvirus-6: Neurologic Implications of a Newly-Described Viral Pathogen

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