Characterization of a novel ADP-ribosylation factor gene from Macrobrachium nipponense and its response to ammonia nitrogen stress

Abstract

ADP-ribosylation factors (Arfs) are guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins that play essential roles in membrane trafficking, and they have been recently reported to be involved in innate immunity in crustaceans. However, little information is available on Arfs in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense and their response to ammonia nitrogen stress. In this study, we identified a novel M. nipponense Arfn gene (MnArfn). The full-length cDNA of MnArfn was 1076 bp. It contained a 537 bp open reading frame (ORF) and encoded a 178 amino acid protein with a predicted molecular weight of 19.85 kDa. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that MnArfn was an unidentified Arf, sharing 55-61% identity with other known Arfs. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) indicated that all examined tissues (hepatopancreas, stomach, gill, heart, muscle, and eyestalk) expressed MnArfn. Hepatopancreas and gills, 2 organs involved in environmental stress management, had the highest expression. Under conditions of ammonia nitrogen stress, MnArfn expression in hepatopancreas and gills was significantly up-regulated at 6, 12, and 24 h. Western blotting experiments also revealed that MnArfn was distributed in all examined tissues, with the highest expression in hepatopancreas and gills, consistent with qPCR results. The findings from this study indicate that MnArfn may play an important role in the response of M. nipponense to ammonia nitrogen stress, which provides a new avenue to study the resistance mechanism(s) of crustaceans to ammonia nitrogen and to screen for individuals with resistance to unfavorable environments.

Assessing the Effects of Dietary Tea Polyphenols on the Gut Microbiota of Loaches (Paramisgurnus dabryanus) under Chronic Ammonia Nitrogen Stress

“…Ammonia nitrogen poses a serious threat to various aquatic organisms, including fish, shellfish, and aquatic plants [32][33][34][35][36][37]. The digestive tract plays a crucial role in the transmission and entry of pathogens, making it highly susceptible to diseases.…”

Combined effects of dietary carbohydrate levels and ammonia stress on growth, antioxidant capacity and glucose metabolism in juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense)

“…However, biological filtration and water exchange are expensive processes, thus limited for many prawn farmers (Ren & Pan, 2014; Sinha et al, 2013). Currently, research is also focused on cultivating new varieties of M. nipponense that are resistant to ammonia stress (Guo et al, 2021; Sun, Luo, et al, 2019; Sun, Wu, et al, 2019; Yu et al 2019). However, developing new strains for aquaculture is time consuming and expensive.…”

Adverse effects of chronic ammonia stress on juvenile oriental river prawn (Macrobrachium nipponense) and alteration of glucose and ammonia metabolism

“…Ammonia is a common stressor in intensive culture systems as the main nitrogenous waste excreted by crustaceans 4,25 . To date, the acute toxicity of ammonia on oriental river prawn on immune response and oxidative stress have been reported 4,26,27 . The studies identified the immunity genes for combating ammonia stress and biomarkers for ammonia exposure in oriental river prawn 4,26,28 .…”

“…4,25 To date, the acute toxicity of ammonia on oriental river prawn on immune response and oxidative stress have been reported. 4,26,27 The studies identified the immunity genes for combating ammonia stress and biomarkers for ammonia exposure in oriental river prawn. 4,26,28 However, studies on the chronic toxic effects of ammonia on oriental river prawn are lacking.…”

“…4,26,27 The studies identified the immunity genes for combating ammonia stress and biomarkers for ammonia exposure in oriental river prawn. 4,26,28 However, studies on the chronic toxic effects of ammonia on oriental river prawn are lacking.…”