“…A bellow membrane is a thin-walled corrugated tube designed to expand or bend easily under longitudinal forces, internal pressure or bending moments [2]. Bellows membranes have been used in a wide range of applications such as thermopneumatic actuators [3], electrostatic actuator [4], microfluidics [5], fuel storage and delivery [6], micro-gripper [7], electrochemical actuators [8], [9], integrated drug delivery actuator [10], [11], artificial tracheal graft [12] and artificial rubber muscle [13]. However, despite the immense progress in various applications, the existing fabrication methods and techniques are still complex, not suitable for mass production, and are especially limited to the macroscale size [3]- [13].…”