Characterization of aminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) surfaces for biomedical applications

Abstract

Aminated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surfaces were characterized for their use as substrates for the attachment of biologically active molecules. Amines of different chain lengths, tetraethylenepentamine, triethylenetetraamine (TTETA), and diethylenetriamine (DETA), were investigated. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to show that each amine introduced a comparable amount of nitrogen (5 atom %) to the PET surface. Contact-angle and titration analyses indicated that the amination reaction was not restricted to the surface, with evidence of diffusion into the polymer by TTETA and DETA. As a result, degradation of the PET substrate, evidenced by mass loss, was observed to occur. Annealing of the PET films before amination at a temperature of 2008C reduced the extent of degradation without producing a decrease in the nitrogen content produced.

Analysis of functionalized polyethylene terephthalate with immobilized NTPDase and cysteine

“…Loss of mechanical strength is a common problem associated with surface modification due to degradation of the polymer [1,15,16,22,23]. This results in reducing the durability of PET in implants and other long-term biomedical applications.…”

“…Hence, surface functionalization of PET would aid in immobilizing biomolecules which could potentially improve hemocompatibility. Currently, various different techniques, including hydrolysis [2,14,15], reduction [16], glycolysis [17], aminolysis [2,14,[18][19][20][21] and amination [1], are used to introduce reactive functional groups on PET surfaces.…”

“…Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a linear, aromatic polyester that has been shown to have the desirable mechanical strength and durability for biomedical applications [1,2]. PET has a wide range of medical applications, including vascular prostheses [3][4][5][6], heart valve sewing cuffs [7][8][9], implantable sutures [10,11] and surgical mesh [12,13].…”

Advanced microgel-functionalized polyester textiles adaptive to ambient conditions

“…Amination is a common polyester treatment and is carried out using various reagents (Bendak et al 1991;Holmes 1996;Mazrouei-Sebdani et al 2011;Nissen et al 2008;Ohe et al 2007). In this research, ethylenediamine was used.…”

“…The scarcity can be explained by the fact that relatively mild conditions were chosen for the amination reaction (short reaction time, medium temperature, medium concentration of ethylenediamine) compared with other studies (e.g. Nissen et al 2008) in order to avoid extended polyester degradation (Holmes 1996). Apparently, this choice affected also the uniformity of the result.…”