Characterization of AOX by Fractionation Analysis and Size-exclusion Chromatography

Gremm, Th. J.; Frimmel, Fritz H.

doi:10.1002/1521-401x(20004)28:4<202::aid-aheh202>3.0.co;2-y

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Nothing is known about the toxicological and environmental behaviour of AOX, because the composition of AOX cannot be evaluated. Macromolecular chlorinated substances as well as trihalomethanes (THM) and other contaminants are measured as AOX (Letizia Davì and Gnudi 1999;Gremm and Frimmel 2000;Richardson 2003). In addition, the significance of AOX due to lack of reproducibility of the analytical method is discussed.…”

Section: Recommendations and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in viticulture

Barhorst

Kubiak

2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Section: Recommendations and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in viticulture

Barhorst

Kubiak

2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Es zeigte sich jedoch, dass der größte Teil des AOX chlorierten hydrophilen und hochmolekularen organischen Säuren zuzuordnen ist [14]; nur etwa 20 % entfielen auf die hydrophoben Fraktionen. Die Konzentrationen lagen jedoch immer nahe der Nachweisgrenze.…”

Section: Q U a L I T ä T R U S S I S C H E R F L ü S S E | Wa Sserchemieunclassified

Qualität russischer Flüsse: Die große Unbekannte

Gremm

Heidt

Frimmel

2002

Chemie in unserer Zeit

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Die Wasserqualitätsüberwachung in Russland ist aufgrund einer fehlenden finanziellen Basis in einem so kritischen Zustand, dass die wenigen noch ermittelten Messdaten in vielen Fällen hinsichtlich ihrer Qualität und Aussagekraft fraglich erscheinen. 1996 begann ein deutsch‐russisches Forschungsprojekt zur Untersuchung der Wasserqualität in den Flüssen Moskva Oka und Wolga. Die wesentlichen Schadstoffe in der Moskva und Oka sind Nährstoffe, AOX und polycyclische aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe (PAK). Die Moskva ist als Vorfluter der Region Moskau sehr stark verschmutzt. Die Hauptquelle der Belastung ist unzureichend geklärtes kommunales Abwasser. Erste Ergebnisse aus der Wolgaforschung ergaben einen überraschend guten Zustand des Gewässers im Untersuchungsgebiet von Nishny Novgorod.

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“…The authors found that the more hydrophobic and more acidic fractions of NOM provided the most active precursor sites (i.e., had the greatest formation potential for TOX, THMs, and HAAs). Gremm and Frimmel used resin fractionation and size exclusion chromatography to characterize adsorptive organic halogen (AOX) in surface water samples (188). Fractionation with a hydrophobic C18 resin and a weak anionic exchange resin allowed the AOX to be separated into four fractions: hydrophilic acidic, hydrophilic nonacidic, hydrophobic acidic, and hydrophobic nonacidic.…”

Section: Natural Organic Matter (Nom)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Analysis

Richardson

2001

Anal. Chem.

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This review covers developments in Water Analysis over the period of 1999-2000. A few significant references that appeared between January and February 2001 are also included. Previous Water Analysis reviews have been very comprehensive, often including more than 500 references. This year, however, Analytical Chemistry is changing its approach to these reviews to only include 100-200 significant references and to mainly focus on trends in analytical methods. This was a difficult task, as the scope of Water Analysis is inherently broad, encompassing analytical studies involving all types of contaminantssorganic and inorganic, as well as microorganisms. Rather than choosing a subarea to focus on, this review will still attempt to cover most areas, except with fewer references. As a result, this review was by necessity very selective, and not all good references could be discussed. Typically, when there were two or more of the same type of analytical method developed for a particular set of analytes, only one was chosen as representative of the method. Also, in this review, there is more of a focus on the analytical methods themselves and less on results from significant studies. Papers focusing on the treatment of pollutants are generally omitted, as are most health effects papers. The upside to including fewer references is that those included can be discussed in greater detail, and more attention can be given to trends and comparisons of new methods to former ones.Numerous abstracts were consulted before choosing the best ones to present here. If an abstract was generally unclear or ambiguous, it was generally excluded. If the subject matter of the abstract appeared to be of routine nature, with no new, significant findings, it was also generally excluded. A table of acronyms is included (Table 1) as a quick reference to the acronyms of analytical techniques and other terms discussed in this review.The overall trends in analytical methods for water analysis include a greater use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME); fast gas chromatography (GC), and liquid chromatography (LC) methods; more on-line coupling of separation and extraction with detection (such as ion chromatography (IC) coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS), IC coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS), solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled to LC/MS or GC/MS, and membrane introduction mass spectrometry (MIMS) coupled to fast-GC/MS; and increased use of capillary electrophoresis (CE), large-volume GC injection, and enzyme-linked

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Characterization of AOX by Fractionation Analysis and Size-exclusion Chromatography

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in viticulture

Formation of chlorinated disinfection by-products in viticulture

Qualität russischer Flüsse: Die große Unbekannte

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