Characterization of Apple mosaic virus isolates detected in hazelnut in Poland

Abstract

Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) infects over 65 plants species of Rosaceae family including hazelnut. The virus causes chlorotic or yellow patterns, rings and mosaic symptoms on the leaves and losses in yield of nuts. The occurrence and genetic diversity of ApMV were evaluated in 14 plantations of hazelnut in Poland. A total of 13 of 125 hazelnut samples tested positive for ApMV using ELISA and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Several primer pairs were used for RT-PCR to amplify the coat protein (CP) and movement protein (MP) genes as well as complete RNA-3 of the ApMV. Genetic diversity was observed in full-length sequences of RNA-3 of the ApMV isolates from hazelnut. The similarity of nucleotide sequence of the CP and MP genes of the isolates was 90.3-99.9, and 87-99.7 %, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that ApMV isolates from hazelnut grouped separately from the virus strains found in other plant species.

The Incidence and Genetic Diversity of Apple Mosaic Virus (ApMV) and Prune Dwarf Virus (PDV) in Prunus Species in Australia

“…A recent phylogenetic study by Grimová, Winkowska, Ryšánek, Svoboda, and Petrzik [ 17 ] of ApMV isolates identified two major phylo-groups that were also observed by later studies [ 18 ]. In this study, these two phylo-groups were also observed, corresponding to phylo-groups 1 and 2, and a third phylo-group was also observed, consisting of recently published ApMV isolates from hazelnut that were not used in the earlier studies [ 40 ]. This study used representative sequences of phylogenetic clusters and sub-clusters from all these studies that had phylogenetically informative sites ensuring our study is the most current and inclusive analysis of ApMV RNA3 genetic diversity.…”

Global Population Structure of Apple Mosaic Virus (ApMV, Genus Ilarvirus)

“…ApMV has also been studied quite well in Turkey, and some isolates have been sequenced. However, sequences of hazelnut isolate, which was reported to be genetically divergent [ 6 ], are not yet available. Therefore, hazelnut and apple isolates from Ordu and Ankara provinces obtained in this study were partially sequenced and then studied to know their molecular characters.…”

“…There was no strong agreement on ApMV phylogeny as most of the phylogenetic trees of the virus were constructed using the Neighbor-joining (NJ) method [ 2 , 5 , 6 , 18 ], while at least one applied Maximum-likelihood [ 17 ]. Thus, these proposed trees sometimes produced rather distinctive branches.…”

“…), and strawberry ( Fragaria × ananassa ) and woody plants such as apple ( Malus spp. ), pear ( Pyrus communis L.), plum ( Prunus domestica ), hazelnut ( Corylus avellana L.), cherry ( Prunus avium ), peach ( Prunus persica ), apricot ( Prunus armeniaca ), and lichens worldwide were naturally infected by apple mosaic virus (ApMV, genus Ilarvirus , Family Bromoviridae) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. There is no known vector of ApMV [ 8 ], but it is probably transmitted through seed and pollen in hazelnut [ 9 ].…”

Is It Possible to Produce Certified Hazelnut Plant Material in Sicily? Identification and Recovery of Nebrodi Genetic Resources, in vitro Establishment, and Innovative Sanitation Technique From Apple Mosaic Virus

“…In some hazelnut cultivars the virus causes the reduction of both nut size and yield ( Kobylko et al, 2005 ). Yield losses can reach 42% and are associated with leaf symptoms such as chlorotic or yellow areas, rings, and mosaic patterns ( Cieślińska and Valasevich, 2016 ). In the cultivar Negret healthy trees yielded 77% higher than the infected ones ( Aramburu and Rovira, 1998 ).…”