Characterization of aquaporin Z-incorporated proteoliposomes with QCM-D

Abstract

Aquaporins have high water permeability and selectivity, which make them attractive to use in membrane applications for water purification and desalination. Due to their hydrophobic nature, they have to be embedded in cell membrane-like structures such as liposomes to form proteoliposomes. In this study, the effects of aquaporin Z (AqpZ) addition on liposome characteristics and behavior were investigated by evaluating the adsorption of proteoliposomes onto gold as reference substrate, polysulfone (PS) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) spin-coated sensor surface as common nanofiltration membrane material by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. AqpZ incorporation into liposomes did not significantly change mean liposome diameter and surface charge, but the water permeability was increased up to almost sixfold. The results of viscoelastic modeling showed a stiffer membrane structure for the lipid bilayer of proteoliposomes compared to that of liposomes. Although liposomes and proteoliposomes were found to be adsorbed successfully on negatively charged PS and neutral PAN surfaces, the interaction strength and adsorption rate were found to be different for polymers with different surface properties, indicating the importance of the polymer for the stabilization of proteoliposomes. Findings of this study offer valuable information about the incorporation of proteoliposomes in membrane structures for the fabrication of nanofiltration membranes.

Aquaporin‐Based Biomimetic Membranes for Low Energy Water Desalination and Separation Applications

“…In this method, the determining factors are detergent type and its concentration, dialysis time, temperature, and the optimal proteinto-lipid ratio (PLR). [27,95] This method can be performed easily with a high concentration of lipids, but the major drawback of this technique is difficulties in scaling up to synthesize large quantities of lipids. Further, several steps of this process cause product losses and, thus make this method time-consuming and expensive.…”

Monitoring Cell Adhesion on Polycaprolactone–Chitosan Films with Varying Blend Ratios by Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Dissipation

“…There are several studies that monitor cell adhesion by QCM-D. Many of the previous works monitored cell attachment and spreading in real time on bare sensor surfaces, sensors modified with cell attractive molecules, rigid surface coatings, , self-assembled monolayers with different surface potentials, or supported lipid bilayers. , Besides cell adhesion studies, QCM-D could be employed to follow layer-by-layer assembly of polymers, , to examine polymer swelling at various conditions, and protein adsorption kinetics at different surfaces. − Yet, the number of studies investigating cell adhesion on polymeric surfaces by QCM-D is limited …”

Comparison of the Interaction Modes Between Cellulase and Bovine Serum Albumin /Lignosulfonate /Polyethylene Glycol in Promoting Lignocellulose Saccharification

“…This may be attributed to both cellulase and synergistic agents are soluble in the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. QCM-D and SPR are two commonly used noninvasive techniques to study interface effects in recent years [23][24][25][26][27]. QCM is made according to the principle of piezoelectric effect of quartz crystal.…”