Characterization of atmospheric PM2.5 sources at a Central European urban background site

Juda-Rezler, Katarzyna; Reizer, Magdalena; Maciejewska, Katarzyna; Błaszczak, Barbara; Klejnowski, Krzysztof

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136729

Cited by 96 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Moreover, this study supplements the previous SA analysis of a 1-year long measurement campaign of concentrations of PM2.5 and its main constituents, carried out in the same area (Juda-Rezler et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Measurement report: Receptor modelling for source identification of urban fine and coarse particulate matter using hourly elemental composition

Reizer

Calzolai

Maciejewska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Elemental composition of the fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM2.5-10) fraction of atmospheric particulate matter was measured at hourly time resolution by the use of a “streaker” sampler during a winter period at a Central European urban background site in Warsaw, Poland. A combination of multivariate (Positive Matrix Factorization), wind- (Conditional Probability Function) and trajectory-based (Cluster Analysis) receptor models, was applied for source apportionment. It allowed for identification of 5 similar sources in both fractions, including sulfates, soil dust, road salt, traffic- and industry-related sources. Another 2 sources, i.e., Cl-rich and wood and waste combustion, were identified in the fine fraction solely. In the fine fraction, aged sulfate aerosol related with emissions from solid fuel combustion in the residential sector located outside the city was the largest contributing source to fine elemental mass (44 %), while traffic-related sources, including soil dust mixed with road dust, road dust, as well as exhaust and non-exhaust traffic emissions, had the biggest contribution in the coarse elemental mass (together accounting for 83 %). Regional transport of aged aerosols and more local impact of the rest of identified sources played a crucial role in aerosol formation over the city. In addition, 2 intensive Saharan dust outbreaks were registered on 18th February and 8th March 2016. Both episodes were characterized by long-range transport of dust at 1 500 m and 3 000 m over Warsaw, as well as the concentrations of the soil component being 7 (up to 3.5 µg m−3) and 6 (up to 6.1 µg m−3) times higher than the mean concentrations observed during non-episodes days (0.5 µg m−3 and 1.1 µg m−3) in the fine and coarse fraction, respectively. The set of receptor models applied to the high time resolution data allowed to follow in detail the daily evolution of the aerosol elemental composition and to identify distinct sources contributing to the concentrations of different PM fractions, as well as revealed “multi-faces” of some elements, having diverse origin in the fine and coarse fraction. The hourly resolution of meteorological conditions and air mass back trajectories empower to follow transport pathways of the aerosol as well.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Measurement report: Receptor modelling for source identification of urban fine and coarse particulate matter using hourly elemental composition

Reizer

Calzolai

Maciejewska

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Taking into account the above considerations, a year-long measurement campaign of eBC concentrations from the urban area of Zabrze was examined for assessment of daily and seasonal variations. The southern region of Poland is one of the most polluted regions in Europe in terms of air quality due to the impact of numerous small and large-scale industries, low-level emission sources, and high vehicular density [46]. By analyzing the quantitative distribution of eBC in two different seasons (heating/non-heating), the impact of local sources and meteorological parameters in the intensity of pollutant emissions from anthropogenic sources on air quality in southern Poland was determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal Variability of Equivalent Black Carbon Components in Atmospheric Air in Southern Poland

2021

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This study assesses the air quality in Zabrze (southern Poland) based on the ambient concentrations of equivalent black carbon (eBC). eBC measurement campaigns were carried out from April 2019 to March 2020 using a modern AE33 Aethalometer, accompanied by parallel measurements of gaseous pollutants, PM10 and meteorological parameters. The use of the two-component AE33 model allows for the determination of the eBC from fossil fuel combustion (eBCff) and biomass burning (eBCbb). The obtained results showed a clear seasonal variability of eBC concentrations, with higher average levels in the heating season (4.70 µg·m−3) compared to the non-heating one (1.79 µg·m−3). In both seasons, the eBCff component had a dominant share in total eBC, which indicates significant emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels for heating purposes and from local traffic sources. The obtained results showed high correlation coefficients with gaseous and particulate pollutants, with the strongest relationship for eBC and carbon monoxide (CO). During the non-heating and heating period, both anticyclone and cyclone systems played an important role in shaping eBC, eBCff and eBCbb concentrations. High concentrations of all components occurred with a significant decrease in air temperature and solar radiation in winter.

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“…On the other hand, local residents consume a lot of coal for heating under the cold season. Compared with other cities of the world, the concentrations of SNA in Guiyang are close to the Quang Ninh (14.00 µg m −3 ) in Vietnam and Seoul (16.08 µg m −3 ) in Korea and higher than Lowa (4.01 µg m −3 ) in America [38], Fukuoka (8.84 µg m −3 ) in Japan [39] and Masovian (5.78 µg m −3 ) in Poland [40], which showed more serious pollution in Guiyang. Overall, PM2.5 pollution in Guiyang is still exists and it also need taken to the effective control-measures to alleviate.…”

Section: Major Inorganic Ionsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Chemical Characteristics of Major Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 Based on Year-Long Observations in Guiyang, Southwest China—Implications for Formation Pathways and the Influences of Regional Transport

Xiao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Atmosphere

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Sulfate, nitrate and ammonium (SNA) are the dominant components of water-soluble ions (WSIs) in PM2.5, which are of great significance for understanding the sources and transformation mechanisms of PM2.5. In this study, daily PM2.5 samples were collected from September 2017 to August 2018 within the Guiyang urban area and the concentrations of the major WSIs in the PM2.5 samples were characterized. The results showed that the average concentration of SNA (SO42−, NO3−, NH4+) was 15.01 ± 9.35 μg m−3, accounting for 81.05% (48.71–93.76%) of the total WSIs and 45.33% (14.25–82.43%) of the PM2.5 and their possible chemical composition in PM2.5 was (NH4)2SO4 and NH4NO3. The highest SOR (sulfur oxidation ratio) was found in summer, which was mainly due to the higher temperature and O3 concentrations, while the lowest NOR (nitrogen oxidation ratio) found in summer may ascribe to the volatilization of nitrates being accelerated at higher temperature. Furthermore, the nitrate formation was more obvious in NH4+-rich environments so reducing NH3 emissions could effectively control the formation of nitrate. The results of the trajectory cluster analysis suggested that air pollutants can be easily enriched over short air mass trajectories from local emission sources, affecting the chemical composition of PM2.5.

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Characterization of atmospheric PM2.5 sources at a Central European urban background site

Cited by 96 publications

References 64 publications

Measurement report: Receptor modelling for source identification of urban fine and coarse particulate matter using hourly elemental composition

Measurement report: Receptor modelling for source identification of urban fine and coarse particulate matter using hourly elemental composition

Temporal Variability of Equivalent Black Carbon Components in Atmospheric Air in Southern Poland

Chemical Characteristics of Major Inorganic Ions in PM2.5 Based on Year-Long Observations in Guiyang, Southwest China—Implications for Formation Pathways and the Influences of Regional Transport

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