Characterization of brominated, chlorinated, and phosphate flame retardants in San Francisco Bay, an urban estuary

Sutton, Rebecca; Chen, Da; Sun, Jennifer; Greig, Denise J.; Wu, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.096

Cited by 111 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…For comparison, PBEB was measured in the sediments from the Shenzhen Mangrove, China, with concentrations ranging from 6 to 60 ng kg-1 DW (Hu et al, 2020) as well as in the sewage sludge in Catalonia, Spain, with concentrations as high as 2.33 pg kg-1 DW (Gorga et al, 2013). TBCT was rarely detected in the sediments and soils; however, its concentration was <30 ng kg-1 DW in the San Francisco Bay, USA (Sutton et al, 2019). Similarly, OBTMPI levels in sediments/soils were rarely reported in the literature, but they were found in the soils close…”

Section: Spatial Trends Along the River Corridormentioning

confidence: 91%

Temporal trends of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in sediments along the Rhône River corridor in France

et al. 2021

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Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are anthropogenic compounds that are ubiquitous in most 6 manufactured goods. Few legacy BFRs have been recognised as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) 7 and have been prohibited since the 2000s. However, most BFRs continue to be used despite growing 8 concerns regarding their toxicity; they are often referred to as novel BFRs (nBFRs). While 9 environmental contamination due to chlorinated POPs has been extensively investigated, the levels and spatiotemporal trends of BFRs are comparatively understudied. This study aims to reconstruct the temporal trends of both legacy and novel BFRs at the scale of a river corridor. To this end, sediment cores were sampled from backwater areas in four reaches along the Rhône River. Age-depth models were established for each of them. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), legacy BFRs (polybrominated diphenyl ethers -PBDEs, polybrominated biphenyls -PBBs and hexabromocyclododecane -HBCDDs) and seven nBFRs were quantified. Starting from the 1970s, a decreasing contamination trend was observed for PCBs. Temporal trends for legacy BFRs revealed that they reached peak concentrations from the mid-1970s to the mid-2000s, and stable concentrations by the mid-2010s. Additionally, individual concentrations of nBFRs were two to four orders of magnitude lower than those of legacy BFRs. Their temporal trends revealed that they appeared in the environment in the 1970s and 1980s. The concentrations of most of these nBFRs have not decreased in recent years. Thus, there is a need to comprehend the sources, contamination load, repartition in the environment, and toxicity of nBFRs before their concentrations reach hazardous levels.

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Section: Spatial Trends Along the River Corridormentioning

confidence: 91%

Temporal trends of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in sediments along the Rhône River corridor in France

et al. 2021

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“…Flame retardants like polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDEs) may represent up to 30% by weight of plastic materials (Hermabessiere et al, 2017). Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) have been identified in many environmental compartments and also in animals (Guo et al, 2017;Sutton et al, 2019). Differently from compounds of the same class, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is chemically bound to the polymer matrix, so that it has nopotential to leach (Morris et al, 2004).…”

Section: Biological Impacts Of Plastic Leachatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic exposure and effects in aquatic organisms: A physiological perspective

Franzellitti

Canesi

Auguste

et al. 2019

Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology

275

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The impact of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic life, given their ubiquitous presence in the water compartment, represents a growing concern. Consistently, scientific knowledge is advancing rapidly, although evidence on actual adverse effects is still highly fragmented. This paper summarizes the recent literature on MP impacts on aquatic organisms in an attempt to link routes of uptake, possible alterations of physiological processes, and outcomes at different levels of biological organization. Animal feeding strategies and MP biodistribution is discussed, alongside with relevant effects at molecular, cellular, and systemic level. Pathways from animal exposure to apical physiological responses are examined to define the relevance of MPs for animal health, and to point out open questions and research gaps. Emphasis is given to emerging threats posed by leaching of plastic additives, many of which have endocrine disruption potential. The potential role of MPs as substrates for microorganism growth and vehicle for pathogen spreading is also addressed.

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“…Another major example of environmental and health problem for existing plastic material is represented by microplastic [17] contamination-therefore halogen based FR are a great threat and greener FR additives are strong needed in this context [18]. The replacement of brominated FR is a major concern since the perspective of microplastic waste and pollution is a global problem with a wide localization [19][20][21]. Microplastic problem intrude little by little also the human body [22,23], since several studies indicated the presence of microplastic (particles between 50 and 500 microns) in the human gut [24].…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogen-free flame retardants for application in thermoplastics based on condensation polymers

et al. 2019

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Future materials in the field of thermoplastics require a lower impact on the environment. Actual thermoplastic materials also require "greener" additives for thermal and fire resistance profile. In this work, some of the recent solutions for halogen-free flame retardants were discussed in the context of viable routes with economical and industrial relevance. The fire retardant mechanism was discussed in order to imagine new solutions for future additives. Some of the main (inorganic, organic or hybrid) flame retardants can be used as common platform for the next classes of thermoplastic composites (synthetic, natural, or bio-based). The new generation of flame retardants (based on the emerging solutions) will have to surpass two major barriers: the cost effectiveness and the need for high concentration (which usually affects other properties).

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Characterization of brominated, chlorinated, and phosphate flame retardants in San Francisco Bay, an urban estuary

Cited by 111 publications

References 83 publications

Temporal trends of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in sediments along the Rhône River corridor in France

Temporal trends of legacy and novel brominated flame retardants in sediments along the Rhône River corridor in France

Microplastic exposure and effects in aquatic organisms: A physiological perspective

Halogen-free flame retardants for application in thermoplastics based on condensation polymers

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