Characterization of Cacao Fruit Skin for Active Carbon and Green Chemicals

Abstract

ABSTRAKPotensi kulit buah kakao yang selama ini belum banyak dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat, mendorong untuk mengembangkan kulit buah kakao sebagai bio arang. Salah satu cara untuk mengurangi penumpukan limbah biomassa dengan cara pirolisis yang berasal dari hasil pembakaran yang menghasilkan produk asap cair, arang dan beberapa gas (CO 2 ,H 2 ,dan CO 2 ). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memanfaatkan kulit buah kakao untuk memperoleh asap cair kulit kakao dan arang kaka. Hasil Penelitian ini bahwa kulit buah kakao menghasilkan kandungan hemiselulosa 21,06%, selulosa 20,15% dan lignin 51,98%.Hasil analisis kadar karbon arang aktif kulit buah kakao Kab Luwu sebesar 55,11 %. Hasil analisis FT-IR serbuk kulit buah kakao Kabupaten Luwu menunjukkan, terjadi depolimerisasi untuk kandungan selulosa dan hemiselulosa pada bilangan gelombang 1107,14 cm -1 dan. ABSTRACTThe potential of cacao fruit skin that has not been widely used by the community are encouraged to develop the cacao fruit skinas bio charcoal. One way to reduce the build up of biomass waste is by pyrolysis derived from combustion products that produce liquid smoke, charcoal and some gases (CO 2 , H 2 , and CO 2 ). The purpose of this research is to utilize cacao peel to get the liquid smoke of cacao skin and cacao charcoal. The result of this research showed that the skin of cacao fruit produce hemicellulose content of 21.06%, cellulose of 20.15% and lignin of 51.98%. The analysis result of carbon content of cacao skin activated charcoal from Luwu regency is 55.11%. FT-IR analysis of the cacao skin powder from Luwu regency showed that there were depolymerization for cellulose and hemicellulose contentsat the wave number of 1107.14 cm -1 andfound C-H of lignin at the wave number of 1730.15 cm . Crystallinity degree of cacao fruits skin from Luwu which was obtained from XRD analysis is 12.66%. The wasteutilization of this

Physical Characteristic of Biomass Pellet from Cacao Pod Husk and Banana Pod Husk

“…Hemicellulose is a constituent of plant cell walls that consists of a collection of several sugar units/heteropolysaccharides and is grouped based on the main sugar residues as constituents such as xylan, mannan, galactan, and glucan. Cacao peel of raw materials produces hemicellulose content of 21.06% [16]. A lignocellulosic analysis on the skin of Kepok bananas contained hemicellulose of 23.20% [19].…”

“…This is reinforced by [36] that the lignin content in lignocellulosic plants can be used as an adhesive with certain processes both physically and chemically. Cacao raw materials produce 21.29-51.98% lignin [16] [19].…”

“…The quality of biomass waste can improve into biomass pellets because cacao pod husk has a composition, as shown in Table 1. [16] Banana pod husk can use for adhesive material in cacao biomass pellet production because it consists of 14.4% cellulose and organic compounds that potentially provide a calorific value [17] [18]. Lignocellulose on banana pod husk comprised of 21.29% lignin, 14.56% cellulose, and 23.20% hemicellulose [19] with 17.79 MJ/kg calories [20].…”

Effect of Electrolyte Concentration on Characteristics of Activated Carbon of Cocoa Peel

“…Cocoa peels processing is needed to reduce the waste so as not to damage the environment. Cocoa peel contains lignin 51.98%, hemicellulose 21.06%, cellulose 20.15% and alpha-cellulose 21.80% 10 . Fresh cocoa peels have 73% skin, 2% placenta and 24.2% seeds 11 .…”

“…Cocoa production only uses beans, so most of the cocoa peels will become waste, so there is a need for ways to reduce waste from cocoa peels. Cocoa peels are able to produce carbon with a percentage of 55.11% 10 . And cocoa peels-based supercapacitors can reach a specific capacitation of 90.2 F/g when chemically activated using 0.3 M KOH activator, and physical activation at a temperature of 700ºC with 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte.…”