Characterization of carbonaceous aerosols in urban air

Husain, Liaquat; Dutkiewicz, Vincent A.; Khan, Ayub; Ghauri, Badar

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.037

Cited by 136 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…BC and EC are two carbon fractions typically defined by their measurement technique: BC is measured optically while EC is obtained from thermal and thermaloptical methods. According to the EPA Report to Congress on Black Carbon (http://www.epa.gov/blackcarbon/), about 70 % of recent studies (year 2000 or later) that compared ambient BC and EC measurements in a wide variety of environments reported consistently obtaining a high correlation with an average of R = 0.86 ± 0.11 (Allen et al, 1999;Bae et al, 2007;Hitzenberger et al, 2006;Sahu et al, 2009;Miyazaki et al, 2008;Husain et al, 2007;Hagler et al, 2007), while the other 30 % report very low BC : EC ratios (∼0.5) and very high BC : EC ratios (∼2) (Chow et al, 2009; Babich et al, 2000;Jeong et al, 2004;Lim et al, 2003). These inter-comparison data are based on ambient measurements and not on source measurements.…”

Section: Hyytiälä Smear II (Station For Measuring Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black carbon concentration and deposition estimations in Finland by the regional aerosol–climate model REMO-HAM

et al. 2013

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The prediction skill of the regional aerosol–climate model REMO-HAM was assessed against the black carbon (BC) concentration measurements from five locations in Finland, with focus on Hyytiälä station for the year 2005. We examined to what extent the model is able to reproduce the measurements using several statistical tools: median comparison, overlap coefficient (OVL; the common area under two probability distributions curves) and Z score (a measure of standard deviation, shape and spread of the distributions). The results of the statistics showed that the model is biased low. The local and regional emissions of BC have a significant contribution, and the model tendency to flatten the observed BC is most likely dominated by the lack of domestic burning of biofuel in the emission inventories. A further examination of the precipitation data from both measurements and model showed that there is no correlation between REMO's excessive precipitation and BC underestimation. This suggests that the excessive wet removal is not the main cause of the low black carbon concentration output. In addition, a comparison of wind directions in relation with high black carbon concentrations shows that REMO-HAM is able to predict the BC source directions relatively well. Cumulative black carbon deposition fluxes over Finland were estimated, including the deposition on snow

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Section: Hyytiälä Smear II (Station For Measuring Forestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black carbon concentration and deposition estimations in Finland by the regional aerosol–climate model REMO-HAM

et al. 2013

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“…Organics in atmospheric aerosols account for 10 to 70% of its total dry mass (Murphy et al, 2006). OC is found to be 3 to 12 times more than BC by mass (Molnar et al, 1999;Husain et al, 2007). Modelling studies consider OC to be scattering in nature and relates negative climate forcing to these aerosols.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light Absorbing Properties of Brown Carbon Generated from Pyrolytic Combustion of Household Biofuels

Rathod

Sahu

Tiwari

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The light absorption properties of brown carbon aerosols generated in a lab scale experiment from wood (Magnifera indica) and dung cake were studied. Mie theory along with experimentally derived values for imaginary refractive index was used to estimate mass absorption coefficient for the samples. It was observed that for both wood and dung cake major portion of brown carbon were generated above 150°C. The light absorbing properties of brown carbon from wood depended on temperature of pyrolysis which was not the case for dung cake. The spectral dependence of absorption for brown carbon samples was estimated in terms of Absorption Angstrom Exponent and found to be greater than 2. The brown carbon aerosols from dung cake pyrolysis were having twice the light absorbing potential (in the wavelength range 280 nm to 750 nm) than brown carbon emitted from mango tree wood pyrolytic combustion.

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“…As an important component of air pollution, PM has been linked to various adverse health effects (e.g., Dockery et al, 1993;Khan et al, 1993;Gwynn et al, 2000;Pope et al, 2002;Husain et al, 2007;Lodhi et al, 2009;Khan et al, 2010;Stone et al, 2010;Kim et al, 2011) as well as having general environmental effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source Apportionment and Characterization of Particulate Matter (PM10) in Urban Environment of Lahore

Alam

Mukhtar

Shahid

et al. 2014

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The present study describes the characterization of carbonaceous species including elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), total carbon (TC), crustal (Al, Ca, Mg, Fe, S, and Ti) and trace metals (As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn and Zn) in PM 10 samples collected from an urban site in Lahore, Pakistan. Sources of various pollutants and their characterization positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The carbonaceous species (TC, OC, EC) and metals were measured in PM 10 samples by NIOSH protocol using Sunset lab instruments and ICP-OES respectively. PM 10 concentrations varied from 254 to 555 µg/m 3 with an average of 406 ± 87 µg/m 3 . The elemental carbon (EC) concentration varied from 3 to 56 µg/m 3 with an average of 21 ± 15 µg/m 3 . While the organic carbon (OC) concentrations varied from 21 to 212 µg/m 3 with an average of 63 ± 42 µg/m 3 . The OC/EC ratio varied from 1.5-7.6 with an average of 3.9 ± 1.6, indicating a contribution of both biogenic and secondary aerosol formation. A good correlation was also observed between EC and OC (R 2 = 0.81) indicating their common origin. PMF has identified industrial dust (18.2% of PM 10 ), vehicular emission (26.5% of PM 10 ), bio mass fuel (24.3% of PM 10 ) and re-suspended dust (4.6% of PM 10 ) as major sources of PM 10 in urban environment of Lahore.

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Characterization of carbonaceous aerosols in urban air

Cited by 136 publications

References 44 publications

Black carbon concentration and deposition estimations in Finland by the regional aerosol–climate model REMO-HAM

Black carbon concentration and deposition estimations in Finland by the regional aerosol–climate model REMO-HAM

Light Absorbing Properties of Brown Carbon Generated from Pyrolytic Combustion of Household Biofuels

Source Apportionment and Characterization of Particulate Matter (PM10) in Urban Environment of Lahore

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