Characterization of catalase and superoxide dismutase in Staphylococcus carnosus 833 strain

Barrière, Charlotte; Leroy-Sétrin, Sabine; Talon, Régine

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2001.01411.x

Cited by 53 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…SODs are classified into one of four types based on the metal ion cofactor; specifically, these are the copper-zinc type (Cu/Zn-SOD), the manganese type (Mn-SOD), the iron type (Fe-SOD), and the nickel type (Ni-SOD) (Fridovich, 1995; Kim et al, 1996, 1998). S. aureus possess two monocistronic superoxide dismutase genes, sodA and sodM (Poyart et al, 1995; Clements et al, 1999; Valderas and Hart, 2001); whereas, coagulase-negative staphylococci lack the sodM gene (Barrière et al, 2001a,b; Valderas et al, 2002). …”

Section: Oxidative Stress Resistance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal response to oxidative stress

Gaupp

Ledala

Somerville

2012

Front. Cell. Inf. Microbio.

198

186

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Staphylococci are a versatile genus of bacteria that are capable of causing acute and chronic infections in diverse host species. The success of staphylococci as pathogens is due in part to their ability to mitigate endogenous and exogenous oxidative and nitrosative stress. Endogenous oxidative stress is a consequence of life in an aerobic environment; whereas, exogenous oxidative and nitrosative stress are often due to the bacteria's interaction with host immune systems. To overcome the deleterious effects of oxidative and nitrosative stress, staphylococci have evolved protection, detoxification, and repair mechanisms that are controlled by a network of regulators. In this review, we summarize the cellular targets of oxidative stress, the mechanisms by which staphylococci sense oxidative stress and damage, oxidative stress protection and repair mechanisms, and regulation of the oxidative stress response. When possible, special attention is given to how the oxidative stress defense mechanisms help staphylococci control oxidative stress in the host.

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Section: Oxidative Stress Resistance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Staphylococcal response to oxidative stress

Gaupp

Ledala

Somerville

2012

Front. Cell. Inf. Microbio.

198

186

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“…In this way, food poisoning and food spoilage microorganisms can be suppressed, and the course of the fermentation process and its termination can be more reliably monitored. During the ripening process of dry sausage, S. carnosus exerts several desired functions (5,14,40). First, S. carnosus gradually reduces nitrate to nitrite (50).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other advantages are development of characteristic flavor, moderate decrease of the pH, and the capacity to reduce hydrogen peroxide produced by the catalase-negative lactobacilli that were frequently used in combination with S. carnosus, thus preventing odors. It is thought that the high catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities contribute to the antioxidant capacities of S. carnosus (5). Commercial starter cultures of S. carnosus are manufactured in many European countries, and therefore S. carnosus is regarded as a "food grade" staphylococcal species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome Analysis of the Meat Starter Culture BacteriumStaphylococcus carnosusTM300

Rosenstein

Nerz

Biswas

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

120

107

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The Staphylococcus carnosus genome has the highest GC content of all sequenced staphylococcal genomes, with 34.6%, and therefore represents a species that is set apart from S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, and S. haemolyticus. With only 2.56 Mbp, the genome belongs to a family of smaller staphylococcal genomes, and the ori and ter regions are asymmetrically arranged with the replichores I (1.05 Mbp) and II (1.5 Mbp). The events leading up to this asymmetry probably occurred not that long ago in evolution, as there was not enough time to approach the natural tendency of a physical balance. Unlike the genomes of pathogenic species, the TM300 genome does not contain mobile elements such as plasmids, insertion sequences, transposons, or STAR elements; also, the number of repeat sequences is markedly decreased, suggesting a comparatively high stability of the genome. While most S. aureus genomes contain several prophages and genomic islands, the TM300 genome contains only one prophage, ⌽TM300, and one genomic island, SCA1, which is characterized by a mosaic structure mainly composed of species-specific genes. Most of the metabolic core pathways are present in the genome. Some open reading frames are truncated, which reflects the nutrient-rich environment of the meat starter culture, making some functions dispensable. The genome is well equipped with all functions necessary for the starter culture, such as nitrate/nitrite reduction, various sugar degradation pathways, two catalases, and nine osmoprotection systems. The genome lacks most of the toxins typical of S. aureus as well as genes involved in biofilm formation, underscoring the nonpathogenic status.It has been known for a long time that staphylococci play a role in the fermentation of dry sausage (52). At first, they were regarded as micrococci, but it turned out that these micrococci were wrongly classified and were in fact staphylococci. Based on DNA/DNA hybridization, biochemical properties, and cell wall composition, these staphylococci formed a new species, which was named Staphylococcus carnosus because the bacteria can be isolated from meat fermentation products and have been used since the 1950s as a starter culture (64).One of the main advantages of starter cultures in fermentedfood processing is that the fermentation and ripening process can be carried out under controlled conditions. In this way, food poisoning and food spoilage microorganisms can be suppressed, and the course of the fermentation process and its termination can be more reliably monitored. During the ripening process of dry sausage, S. carnosus exerts several desired functions (5, 14, 40). First, S. carnosus gradually reduces nitrate to nitrite (50). The advantages of this reaction are that the nitrate concentration is lowered and that nitrite can combine with myoglobin to form nitrosomyoglobin, which results in the typical red color. In the second step, nitrite is then further reduced to ammonia, thus lowering the unbound nitrite concentration (51). Other advantages are d...

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“…2B). This finding indicates that unlike with E. coli and other bacteria (21,22,31), manganese level plays an important role in the regulation of SodA expression of B. burgdorferi.…”

Section: B Burgdorferi Sod Activity Is Resistant To H 2 O 2 and Cyanmentioning

confidence: 84%

Borrelia burgdorferi, a Pathogen That Lacks Iron, Encodes Manganese-dependent Superoxide Dismutase Essential for Resistance to Streptonigrin

Troxell

Yang

2012

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Characterization of catalase and superoxide dismutase in Staphylococcus carnosus 833 strain

Cited by 53 publications

References 32 publications

Staphylococcal response to oxidative stress

Staphylococcal response to oxidative stress

Genome Analysis of the Meat Starter Culture BacteriumStaphylococcus carnosusTM300

Borrelia burgdorferi, a Pathogen That Lacks Iron, Encodes Manganese-dependent Superoxide Dismutase Essential for Resistance to Streptonigrin

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