Characterization of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from indigenous peoples of Colombia

Abstract

Introduction: Tuberculosis continues to be a public health priority. Indigenous peoples are vulnerable groups with cultural determinants that increase the risk of the disease.Objective: To determine molecular epidemiology and phenotypical features and of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from indigenous people in Colombia during the period from 2009 to 2014.Materials and methods: We conducted an analytical observational study; we analyzed 234 isolates to determine their patterns of sensitivity to antituberculosis drugs and their molecular structures by spoligotyping.Results: The isolates came from 41 indigenous groups, predominantly the Wayúu (13.10%) and Emberá Chamí (11.35%). We found 102 spoligotypes distributed among seven genetic families (37.2% LAM, 15.8% Haarlem, 8.1% T, 3.4% U, 2.6% S, 2.1% X, and 0.9%, Beijing).The association analysis showed that the non-clustered isolates were related to prior treatment, relapse, orphan spoligotypes, and the Beijing family. The H family presented an association with the Arhuaco and Camëntŝá indigenous groups, the U family was associated with the Wounaan group, and the T family was associated with the Motilón Barí group.Conclusions: This is the first national study on M. tuberculosis characterization in indigenous groups. The study evidenced that diagnosis in indigenous people is late. We described 53% of orphan patterns that could be typical of the Colombian indigenous population. The high percentage of grouping by spoligotyping (62%) could indicate cases of active transmission, a situation that should be corroborated using a second genotyping marker. A new Beijing spoligotype (Beijing-like SIT 406) was identified in Colombia.

Asociación del estado nutricional y factores clínicos con muerte relacionada con tuberculosis en Colombia

“…Respecto al mayor riesgo de mortalidad especifica por TBC entre población indígena reportado en el presente estudio, se ha relacionado con la presencia de barreras culturales asociadas a un patrón diferente de curación de la enfermedad, transmisión activa de M. tuberculosis, limitado acceso a los servicios de salud causando retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamientos incompletos 34,35,36 . Estudios realizados en Argentina 14 , Chile 37 y México 38 demostraron mayor riesgo de muerte entre la población indígena en relación con poblaciones no indígenas; a pesar de que en Colombia se ha informado una alta prevalencia de TBC en la población indígena 39 , es recomendable desarrollar investigaciones más profundas que evidencien la situación de esta población dada la poca información disponible.…”

Distribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages in South America

“…The sublineages with the lowest prevalence are MANU (0.2%), EAI (0.1%), Cameroon (0.05%), CAS (0.05%), H37Rv (0.05%), and West African (0.05%); sublineages belonging to lineages 3, 4 and 6 have increased the variability of MTB genotypes (Table 1) (García & Astudillo, 2019). The prevalence of unidentified strains is 7.4%, one of the lowest in the region, due to the use of molecular techniques such as spoligotyping, MIRU-VNTR (24 and 12 loci) and WGS for disease control (Beltrán-León et al, 2020;Castro et al, 2017;Cerezo et al, 2012;Cubillos-Ruiz et al, 2010;Guerra et al, 2019;D. Puerto et al, 2019;G.…”

Perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose nos povos indígenas: revisão de literatura

“…; SACCHI, F.P.C. ; CRODA, J., 2013) que estavam relacionadas às precárias condições de vida, tais como pobreza, fome, desnutrição, situação sanitária desfavorável e condições adversas de moradia (CASTRO et al, 2016;CUNHA et al, 2014;CORMIER et al, 2019;MENDES et al, 2016;PUERTO et al, 2019).…”