Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Relationships between fluorescence and its components, absorption coefficients and organic carbon concentrations

Kowalczuk, Piotr; Cooper, William J.; Durako, Michael J.; Kahn, Amanda E.; Gonsior, Michael; Young, Heather A.

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2009.10.002

Cited by 158 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This observation is in good agreement with optical theory, where absorption does not covary with increasing CDOM concentration. This may result from high riverine DOM concentrations that cause shelf shading effects that decrease CDOM light absorption efficiency, as suggested by Kowalczuk et al (2010). Such results demonstrate the different optical properties between the eastern and western channels, and suggest that the Mackenzie River is a significant source of CDOM in the coastal area.…”

Section: Dissolved Organic Carbon (Doc) and Chromophoric Dommentioning

confidence: 63%

UV/PAR radiation and DOM properties in surface coastal waters of the Canadian shelf of the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009

et al. 2013

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Surface waters from the Beaufort Sea in the Arctic Ocean were evaluated for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and optical characteristics including UV (ultraviolet) radiation and PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) diffuse attenuation (K_d), and chromophoric and fluorescent dissolved organic matter (CDOM and FDOM) as part of the MALINA field campaign (30 July to 27 August). Spectral absorption coefficients (a_CDOM (350 nm) (m⁻¹)) were significantly correlated to both diffuse attenuation coefficients (K_d) in the UV-A and UV-B and to DOC concentrations. This indicates CDOM as the dominant attenuator of both UV and PAR solar radiation and suggests its use as an optical proxy for DOC concentrations in this region. While the Mackenzie input is the main driver of CDOM dynamics in low salinity waters, locally, primary production can create significant increases in CDOM. Extrapolating CDOM to DOC relationships, we estimate that ∼16% of the DOC in the Mackenzie River does not absorb radiation at 350 nm. The discharges of DOC and its chromophoric subset (CDOM) by the Mackenzie River during the MALINA cruise are estimated as ∼0.22 TgC and 0.18 TgC, respectively. Three dissolved fluorescent components (C1–C3) were identified by fluorescence excitation/emission matrix spectroscopy (EEMS) and parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis. Our results showed an aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM) component (C1), probably produced in the numerous lakes of the watershed, that co-dominated with a terrestrial humic-like component (C2) in the Mackenzie Delta Sector. This aquatic DOM could partially explain the high CDOM spectral slopes observed in the Beaufort Sea

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Section: Dissolved Organic Carbon (Doc) and Chromophoric Dommentioning

confidence: 63%

UV/PAR radiation and DOM properties in surface coastal waters of the Canadian shelf of the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009

et al. 2013

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“…With UV laser excitation, the fluorescence spectra of PAHs peak from 410 to 460 nm [27,30]; water-dissolved PAHs have peaks from 300 to 460 nm with a broad band covering 300-600 nm [32][33][34]. Among the PAHs are compounds having a single aromatic ring such as tyrosine, but with different or additional conjugated bonds.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the PAHs are compounds having a single aromatic ring such as tyrosine, but with different or additional conjugated bonds. Tyrosine-like chemicals (or TYLIS including benzoic acids, phenols, and benzaldehydes [32][33][34]) generally fluoresce around 310 nm. PAHs having double aromatic rings, such as tryptophan but with different or additional conjugated bonds (tryptophan-like or TRYLIS, including dibenzoic acids; naphthalene and its derivatives [32][33][34]) generally fluoresce around 320-340 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical characterization and specification of the open-air burning affluent may allow linking to potential health effects [9][10][11][12][13][23][24][25][26]. The excitation-emission matrix (EEM) can identify ultra-trace amounts of particular PAHs, humic substances, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in different complex samples [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], such as the determination of two of the most carcinogenic PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo [a,h] anthracene at a concentrations below 10 ng/L [27]. The 370-nm excited fluorescence intensity ratio between 450 and 500 nm, named as fluorescence index (FI), was found to have a significant relationship with DOC concentrations for polluted stream water [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single particle size and fluorescence spectra from emissions of burning materials in a tube furnace to simulate burn pits

et al. 2013

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A single-particle fluorescence spectrometer (SPFS) and an aerodynamic particle sizer were used to measure the fluorescence spectra and particle size distribution from the particulate emissions of 12 different burning materials in a tube furnace to simulate open-air burning of garbage. Although the particulate emissions are likely dominated by particles \1 lm diameter, only the spectra of supermicron particles were measured here. The overall fluorescence spectral profiles exhibit either one or two broad bands peaked around 300-450 nm within the 280-650 nm spectral range, when the particles are illuminated with a 263-nm laser. Different burning materials have different profiles, some of them (cigarette, hair, uniform, paper, and plastics) show small changes during the burning process, and while others (beef, bread, carrot, Styrofoam, and wood) show big variations, which initially exhibit a single UV peak (around 310-340 nm) and a long shoulder in visible, and then gradually evolve into a bimodal spectrum with another visible peak (around 430-450 nm) having increasing intensity during the burning process. These spectral profiles could mainly derive from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons with the combinations of tyrosine-like, tryptophan-like, and other humiclike substances. About 68 % of these single-particle fluorescence spectra can be grouped into 10 clustered spectral templates that are derived from the spectra of millions of atmospheric aerosol particles observed in three locations; while the others, particularly these bimodal spectra, do not fall into any of the 10 templates. Therefore, the spectra from particulate emissions of burning materials can be easily discriminated from that of common atmospheric aerosol particles. The SFFS technology could be a good tool for monitoring burning pit emissions and possibly for distinguishing them from atmospheric aerosol particles.

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“…This technique provides the complex insight into all characteristic features within the range of a fluorescence spectrum and it also provides the exact picture of pairs of excitation and emission wavelengths, at which the investigated organic matter indicates maxim of the fluorescence. EEM fluorescence spectroscopy is used especially to study the properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic ecosystems (Coble 1996;Matthews et al 1996;Mayer et al 1999;Patel-Sorrentino et al 2002;Stedmon et al 2003;Chen et al 2003;Yamashita and Tanoue 2004;Cilenti et al 2005;Henderson et al 2009;Kowalczuk et al 2009Kowalczuk et al , 2010Yao et al 2011;Ayah et al 2015;Catalá et al 2015;Chari et al 2016). There are also available some results of studies in which EEM fluorescence spectroscopy was used for characteristics of HS extracted from soil and lake sediments (Mobed et al 1996;Alberts and Takács 2004;Sierra et al 2005;Tang et al 2011;Derrien et al 2017) and their interactions with trace metals and organic contaminants, as pesticides, endocrine disruptors, PAHs, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical characteristic of humic acids from lake sediments by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence with PARAFAC model

Mielnik

Kowalczuk

2018

J Soils Sediments

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Purpose The study aimed to find out whether fluorescence parameters of humic acids (HA), obtained from excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra, could be used to explain the origin and properties of lake sediments organic matter. Materials and methods The research material was HA extracted from lake sediments. Sediment samples were collected in the summer stagnation, from maximum depth of each lake. Humic acids extraction was performed using the method proposed by the International Humic Substances Society. In extracted HA, the elemental composition, free radical content, UV-Vis, and EEM fluorescence spectra were determined. EEM spectral modeling was performed using a multidirectional statistical methodparallel factor analysis PARAFAC. Results and discussion Four specific, two protein-like (C2 and C4) and humic-and fulvic-like (C1 and C3) components, components responsible for emission of fluorescence were identified in HA extracted from lake sediments. In the obtained EEM spectra, the dominant component was C2, while the smallest participation have C4 component. The mean contribution of C3 and C1 components to the total intensity of fluorescence was almost the same and was about 25%. Significant correlations were obtained between the concentration of EEM components and parameters characterizing the chemical properties of sediments and humic acids. Conclusions The study showed that the EEM fluorescence spectroscopy can be successfully used to characterize natural organic matter in aquatic environments. This method may provide supplementary information on the origin and transformation of organic matter in the water environments. By applying the parameters obtained from PARAFAC modeling, the relative degree of organic matter transformation (component C1) and autotrophic productivity (component C3) may be assessed. The analysis of the component C1 and C4 complete the information about the organic matter origin.

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Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Relationships between fluorescence and its components, absorption coefficients and organic carbon concentrations

Cited by 158 publications

References 55 publications

UV/PAR radiation and DOM properties in surface coastal waters of the Canadian shelf of the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009

UV/PAR radiation and DOM properties in surface coastal waters of the Canadian shelf of the Beaufort Sea during summer 2009

Single particle size and fluorescence spectra from emissions of burning materials in a tube furnace to simulate burn pits

Optical characteristic of humic acids from lake sediments by excitation-emission matrix fluorescence with PARAFAC model

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