Characterization of Electropolymerized Polyindole: Application in the Construction of a Solid‐State, Ion‐Selective Electrode

Abstract

The characterization of polyindole made by anodic electropolymerization of indole monomer in dichioromethane is reported based on scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results on SEM show that the granules in the polymer film are arranged in an ordered manner. The domain of the nuclei in the film made under potentiostatic condition is much smaller as compared to the domain of the nucleation in the polymer film made under potentiodynamic condition. The DSC data shows that the polymer is stable at higher temperature. A solid-state potassium ion-selective electrode (1SF) using polyvinyl chloride (PVC) matrix membrane impregnated with valinomycin at the surface of the polyindole-modified electrode is reported. Neutral-carrier impregnated PVC membrane is formed by casting over the surface of the polyindole-modified electrode. The resulting ISE without the incorporation of polyanions in the polyindole film shows high selectivity to K with negligible drift of the baseline potential with a slope of 59 mV/dec within Nernstian behavior. The detection limit of the potassium ion sensor is 6 >( io M with a wide linearity over almost 5 dec. Typical responses of the neutral-carrier impregnated PVC membrane over the polyindole-modified electrode to potassium ion is reported.

Electrosyntheses of Freestanding and Conducting Poly[poly(N-vinyl-carbazole)] Films in Tetrahydrofuran Containing Additional Boron Trifluoride Diethyl Etherate

“…Similar to the results in the literature, 43 the steady-state cyclic voltammograms represented broad anodic and cathodic peaks. The peak current densities were proportional to the scan rates (insert of Figures 3A, B), indicating the reversible redox behavior of the polymer.…”

Carbon paste electrodes modified by Pt and Pt–Ni microparticles dispersed in polyindole film for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol

“…Polyindole (PIn) though not as soughtafter as PANI or PPy for use as modified electrode due to its relatively low electrical conductivity, yet there are studies concerning the electropolymerization, characterization and use of this polymer as sensors and as anticorrosion coatings because of its good thermal and environmental stability [13][14][15][16][17][18]. In our study reported here therefore, we demonstrate the use of polyindole electrosynthesised from aqueous medium as a matrix for dispersion of metallic particles.…”

Studies on polycarbazole-modified electrode and its applications in the development of solid-state potassium and copper(II) ion sensors

“…On the other hand, polyindole synthesized under potentiodynamic condition shows regular distribution of polymer domain and interstices with doped electrolyte. 5 The oxidation potential of carbazole is larger (Ͼ1.2 V versus Ag/AgCl), whereas the oxidation potential of indole is Ͻ1.0 V versus Ag/AgCl.…”

“…4,5 The platinum surface was polished with alumina slurry to a mirror finish, followed by drying under a nitrogen stream. The electrochemical polymerization of polycarbazole was carried out in CH 2 ) acetate in the same buffer.…”