Characterization of Erosion Dust and Tritiated Products Inside the Jet Vessel After the First Tritium Experiment

Charuau, J.; Ferro, C.; Belot, Y.; Gasparotto, M.; Cetier, Ph.; Knoepfl, H.; Wu, C.H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-89995-8.50333-7

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…ethanol [778]. The largest amount of dust was found on the lower (graphite) toroidal limiter, at almost 4 g·m −2 of which 85% was C and 11% was Be.…”

Section: Dust Found In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…An high efficiency particulate (HEPA) filter was used to collect the airborne particles from 97% of the airflow through the vessel over a twelve-hour period in which time 600 m 3 of air was sampled (three times the vessel volume) [778]. The suspended particles had a total mass of 2.29 mg, and the median-mass aerodynamic diameter was about 4 µm, with a geometric standard deviation of 1.9 µm.…”

Section: Dust Found In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors

et al. 2001

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The major increase in discharge duration and plasma energy in a next step DT fusion reactor will give rise to important plasma-material effects that will critically influence its operation, safety and performance. Erosion will increase to a scale of several centimetres from being barely measurable at a micron scale in today's tokamaks. Tritium co-deposited with carbon will strongly affect the operation of machines with carbon plasma facing components. Controlling plasma-wall interactions is critical to achieving high performance in present day tokamaks, and this is likely to continue to be the case in the approach to practical fusion reactors. Recognition of the important consequences of these phenomena stimulated an internationally co-ordinated effort in the field of plasma-surface interactions supporting the Engineering Design Activities of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor project (ITER), and significant progress has been made in better understanding these issues. The paper reviews the underlying physical processes and the existing experimental database of plasma-material interactions both in tokamaks and laboratory simulation facilities for conditions of direct relevance to next step fusion reactors. Two main topical groups of interaction are considered: (i) erosion/redeposition from plasma sputtering and disruptions, including dust and flake generation and (ii) tritium retention and removal. The use of modelling tools to interpret the experimental results and make projections for conditions expected in future devices is explained. Outstanding technical issues and specific recommendations on potential R&D avenues for their resolution are presented.

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“…ethanol [778]. The largest amount of dust was found on the lower (graphite) toroidal limiter, at almost 4 g·m −2 of which 85% was C and 11% was Be.…”

Section: Dust Found In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Dust Found In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors

et al. 2001

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“…The configuration chosen (closed basement) is only applicable within certain limits, since exchanges between the inside and outside of the basement are inevitable. (Rannou and RobC, 1992) TSI TSI (Diouri, 1991;Diouri et al, 1988) TSI (Thomas, 1972) (Charuau, 1990) However, door opening and closing was euitable natural variations in environmental always performed as rapidly as possible, conditions (part 3 in Table 31, to minimize and we assumed that our system was little experimental error (instrumentation and perturbed by the entries and exits (part 1 in handling), to evaluate to what extent the Table 3). The protocol was also designed to system studied was in a steady-state regime avoid errors due to the possible and in-(part 3 in Table 3), and to observe to what Aerosol Science and Technology 25:l July 1996 degree the basement studied was homogeneous (hypothesis to verify) (parts 2 and 4 in Table 3).…”

Section: Measurement Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavior of Radon and Its Daughters in a Basement: Model–Experiment Comparison

Gouronnec¹,

Goutelard²,

Montassier³

et al. 1996

Aerosol Science and Technology

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On the basis of Jacobi's model (19721, we have developed the PRADDO model, which describes the behavior of radon and its daughters in a system of one or more chambers. In this article we compare theory and practice in the case of a one-chamber system. The principal equations of the classical room model, describing one single enclosure, are given and the assumptions made in modeling are discussed. Field measurements in the basement of a four-story house in Brittany are described. Radon and its daughters, the ambient aerosol, and ventilation were measured in order to characterize the system accurately and to define the model's input parameters. The measurement protocol used allowed definition of the extent to which the assumptions of the model were respected in the real system. Results of the theory--experiment comparison show satisfactory agreement between calculation and measurement of the radon daughters activities, the potential alpha energy concentration and the equilibrium factor; the model reproduced well the time-dependent variations in these parameters. The model tended to underestimate the activities of the attached and total fractions of radon daughters, the calculation-measurement deviations remaining less than 50%. The levels of the unattached fraction in the basement were too low to allow any conclusion to be drawn regarding their modeling. AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 25:73-89 (1 996)

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“…Dust was also collected by swabbing surfaces inside JET with pads of tissue humidified with ethanol [778]. The largest amount of dust was found on the lower (graphite) toroidal limiter,…”

Section: Dust Found In Tokamaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma-material Interactions in Current Tokamaks and their Implications for Next-step Fusion Reactors

Federici¹,

Skinner²,

Brooks³

et al. 2001

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This Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik (IPP), Garching, Germany, report is intended for internal use. IPP reports express the views of the authors at the time of writing and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik or the final opinion of the authors on the subject. Neither the Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, nor the Euratom Commission, nor any person acting on behalf of either of these: (1) gives any guarantee as to the accuracy and completeness of the information contained in this report, or that the use of any information, apparatus, method or process disclosed therein may not constitute an infringement of private owned right; or (2) assumes any liability for damage resulting from the use of any information, apparatus, method or process in this report.

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Characterization of Erosion Dust and Tritiated Products Inside the Jet Vessel After the First Tritium Experiment

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors

Plasma-material interactions in current tokamaks and their implications for next step fusion reactors

Behavior of Radon and Its Daughters in a Basement: Model–Experiment Comparison

Plasma-material Interactions in Current Tokamaks and their Implications for Next-step Fusion Reactors

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