Characterization of Gas-Phase Organics Using Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Cooking Emissions

Klein, Felix; Platt, Stephen Matthew; Farren, Naomi J.; Detournay, A.; Bruns, Emily A.; Bozzetti, Carlo; Daellenbach, Kaspar R.; Kılıç, Doğuşhan; Kumar, Nivedita K.; Pieber, Simone M.; Slowik, Jay G.; Temime-Roussel, Brice; Marchand, Nicolas; Hamilton, Jacqueline F.; Baltensperger, Urs; Prévôt, A. S. H.; Haddad, Imad El

doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b04618

Cited by 110 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Heating cooking oils, a fundamental process of frying, was found to produce large amounts of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) (Torkmahalleh et al, 2012;Gao et al, 2013) and VOCs (Katragadda et al, 2010;Klein et al, 2016a). The PM 2.5 emission rate for peanut, canola, corn and olive oils heated at 197 • C was shown to be as high as 54 mg min −1 (Torkmahalleh et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schauer et al (2002) estimated that cooking seed oils might contribute a significant fraction of lighter n-alkanoic acids such as nonanoic acid in the atmosphere. The VOCs emitted from heated cooking oils were dominated by aldehydes (Klein et al, 2016a), which were suggested to be potential SOA precursors (Chacon-Madrid et al, 2010). Despite these previous efforts, there are still no available data regarding SOA formation from heated cooking oils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Liu

Chan

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Cooking emissions can potentially contribute to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) but remain poorly understood. In this study, formation of SOA from gas-phase emissions of five heated vegetable oils (i.e., corn, canola, sunflower, peanut and olive oils) was investigated in a potential aerosol mass (PAM) chamber. Experiments were conducted at 19-20 • C and 65-70 % relative humidity (RH). The characterization instruments included a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and a high-resolution time-offlight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-TOF-AMS). The efficiency of SOA production, in ascending order, was peanut oil, olive oil, canola oil, corn oil and sunflower oil. The major SOA precursors from heated cooking oils were related to the content of monounsaturated fat and omega-6 fatty acids in cooking oils. The average production rate of SOA, after aging at an OH exposure of 1.7 × 10 11 molecules cm −3 s, was 1.35±0.30 µg min −1 , 3 orders of magnitude lower compared with emission rates of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) from heated cooking oils in previous studies. The mass spectra of cooking SOA highly resemble field-derived COA (cookingrelated organic aerosol) in ambient air, with R 2 ranging from 0.74 to 0.88. The average carbon oxidation state (OS c ) of SOA was −1.51 to −0.81, falling in the range between ambient hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA) and semivolatile oxygenated organic aerosol (SV-OOA), indicating that SOA in these experiments was lightly oxidized.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Liu

Chan

et al. 2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…Filters from cooking processes (frying, related largely to oil pyrolysis; Klein et al, 2016a;Allan et al, 2010) did not yield measurable mass spectra in our LDI-MS. This observation is in agreement with a prior study, which performed in situ single-particle LDI-MS measurements at 266 nm (using the ATOFMS) and did not observe cooking particles (Healy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Combustion-source Samplesmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…after simulated ageing in a smog chamber for 1 h (equivalent to an OH dose of 10 7 cm −3 h) and 4 h (OH dose 3×10 7 cm −3 h) (Bruns et al, 2015(Bruns et al, , 2016. Additionally, filter samples collected during cooking experiments were analysed (Klein et al, 2016a, b).…”

Section: Sample Collection and Other Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into organic-aerosol sources via a novel laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry technique applied to one year of PM<sub>10</sub> samples from nine sites in central Europe

et al. 2018

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Abstract. We assess the benefits of offline laserdesorption/ionization mass spectrometry in understanding ambient particulate matter (PM) sources. The technique was optimized for measuring PM collected on quartz-fiber filters using silver nitrate as an internal standard for m/z calibration. This is the first application of this technique to samples collected at nine sites in central Europe throughout the entire year of 2013 (819 samples). Different PM sources were identified by positive matrix factorization (PMF) including also concomitant measurements (such as NO x , levoglucosan, and temperature). By comparison to reference mass spectral signatures from laboratory wood burning experiments as well as samples from a traffic tunnel, three biomass burning factors and two traffic factors were identified. The wood burning factors could be linked to the burning conditions; the factors related to inefficient burns had a larger impact on air quality in southern Alpine valleys than in northern Switzerland. The traffic factors were identified as primary tailpipe exhaust and most possibly aged/secondary traffic emissions. The latter attribution was supported by radiocarbon analyses of both the organic and elemental carbon. Besides these sources, factors related to secondary organic aerosol were also separated. The contribution of the wood burning emissions based on LDI-PMF (laser-desorption/ionization PMF) correlates well with that based on AMS-PMF (aerosol mass spectrometer PMF) analyses, while the comparison between the two techniques for other components is more complex.

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“…Experiments were conducted in the atmospheric chamber of the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI, Villigen, Switzerland) 15 (Platt et al, 2013;Klein et al, 2016). The full set-up and protocol of our experiments were already described in Bertrand et al (2017;.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the vapor wall loss on the degradation rate constants in chamber experiments of levoglucosan and other biomass burning markers

Bertrand¹,

Stefenelli²,

Pieber³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Vapor wall loss has only recently been shown a potentially significant bias in atmospheric chamber studies. Yet, previous works aimed at the determination of the degradation rate of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) often did not account for this process. Here we evaluate the influence of vapor wall loss on the determination of the gas phase reaction rate of 15 several biomass burning markers (levoglucosan, mannosan, coniferyl aldehyde, 3-guaiacyl propanol, and acetosyringone) with hydroxyl radicals (OH). Emissions from the combustion of beech wood were injected into a 5.5 m 3 Teflon atmospheric chamber, and aged for 4 hours (equivalent to 5 -8 hours in the atmosphere). The particle phase compound concentrations were monitored using a Thermal Desorption Aerosol Gas Chromatograph coupled to a High-Resolution -Time of FlightMass Spectrometer (TAG-AMS). The observed depletion of the concentration was later modeled using two different 20 approaches: the previously published approach which does not take into consideration partitioning and vapor wall loss, and an approach with a more complex theoretical framework which integrates all the processes likely influencing the particle phase concentration. We find that with the first approach one fails to predict the measured markers concentration time evolution. With the second approach, we determine that partitioning and vapor wall loss play a predominant role in the particle phase concentration depletion of all the compounds, while the reactivity with OH has a non-significative effect. 25Furthermore we show that cannot be determined precisely without a strong constraint of the whole set of physical parameters necessary to formally describe the various processes involved. It was found that the knowledge of the saturation mass concentration * is especially crucial. Therefore previously published rate constants of levoglucosan and more generally SVOCs with hydroxyl radicals inferred from atmospheric chamber experiments must be, at least, considered with caution. 30Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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Characterization of Gas-Phase Organics Using Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Cooking Emissions

Cited by 110 publications

References 49 publications

Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Insights into organic-aerosol sources via a novel laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry technique applied to one year of PM<sub>10</sub> samples from nine sites in central Europe

Influence of the vapor wall loss on the degradation rate constants in chamber experiments of levoglucosan and other biomass burning markers

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Characterization of Gas-Phase Organics Using Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry: Cooking Emissions

Cited by 110 publications

References 49 publications

Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Formation of secondary organic aerosols from gas-phase emissions of heated cooking oils

Insights into organic-aerosol sources via a novel laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry technique applied to one year of PM&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt; samples from nine sites in central Europe

Influence of the vapor wall loss on the degradation rate constants in chamber experiments of levoglucosan and other biomass burning markers

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Insights into organic-aerosol sources via a novel laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry technique applied to one year of PM<sub>10</sub> samples from nine sites in central Europe