Characterization of Grapevines by the Use of Genetic Markers

Tomić, Lidija; Štajner, Nataša; Javornik, Branka

doi:10.5772/52833

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This legal status resulted from a thorough characterization and analysis of the National Ampelographic Collection (NAC), including the use of morphological descriptors and molecular markers such as nuclear microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms [19][20][21][22][23]. Certification of grapevine varieties is crucial for producers, and conventional ampelometric methods that require visual inspection and the measurement of precise phenotypic features of grapevines-mainly the leaf characteristics, or DNA based methods [24]-are laborious and very time consuming.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Rapid Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients to Classify Vitis Genotypes

Silva

Figueiredo

Cunha³

et al. 2020

Plants

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When a dark-adapted leaf is illuminated with saturating light, a fast polyphasic rise of fluorescence emission (Kautsky effect) is observed. The shape of the curve is dependent on the molecular organization of the photochemical apparatus, which in turn is a function of the interaction between genotype and environment. In this paper, we evaluate the potential of rapid fluorescence transients, aided by machine learning techniques, to classify plant genotypes. We present results of the application of several machine learning algorithms (k-nearest neighbors, decision trees, artificial neural networks, genetic programming) to rapid induction curves recorded in different species and cultivars of vine grown in the same environmental conditions. The phylogenetic relations between the selected Vitis species and Vitis vinifera cultivars were established with molecular markers. Both neural networks (71.8%) and genetic programming (75.3%) presented much higher global classification success rates than k-nearest neighbors (58.5%) or decision trees (51.6%), genetic programming performing slightly better than neural networks. However, compared with a random classifier (success rate = 14%), even the less successful algorithms were good at the task of classifying. The use of rapid fluorescence transients, handled by genetic programming, for rapid preliminary classification of Vitis genotypes is foreseen as feasible.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Rapid Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients to Classify Vitis Genotypes

Silva

Figueiredo

Cunha³

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…RAPD reproducibility among different laboratories and the requirement for strict experimental conditions are hard to achieve, which are the main disadvantages of this technique. This technically least demanding method (RAPD) became popular during the nineties and due to its ease of application, it is also used nowadays (Tomić et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Genetic Identification and Olive Leaves Oil Composition of Some Egyptian Olive Cultivars

Ezz¹,

Abido²,

Saeed

et al. 2016

Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research

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he present work was conducted to study the differences in leaves oil content as well as its fatty acids composition. Also, study the molecular genetic identification of three Egyptian olive Cultivars (Olea europaea L.) coined as Maraki, Aggezi Shami and Toffahi cultivated in the farm of Horticulture Research Institute. The oil content percentages in the dry leaves were (7.650, 6.046 and 4.754) for Maraki, Aggezi Shami and Toffahi, respectively. The main component of fatty acids were Linolenic acid methyl ester, Oleic acid, and palmitic acid. For molecular studies RAPD and ISSR-PCR were performed and efficient in detecting polymorphism and genetic variations within and between olive cultivars. In RAPD analysis, 4 selected primers displayed a total of 51 amplified fragments, in which 31 (60 %) were polymorphic fragments. Twenty eight out of 51 RAPD-PCR fragments were found to be useful as cultivar specific markers. Regarding the ISSR analysis, total of 46 out of 84 ISSR fragments were polymorphic. Twenty nine DNA amplified fragments were considered as cultivar-unique markers. Genetic similarities among the olive cultivars were estimated according to the fragments. In conclusion, both RAPD and ISSR polymorphisms could be used as efficient tools for the detection of similarities and phylogenetic relationships of the studied genotypes, which could be useful in the future breeding programs.

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“…Precedieron al uso de marcadores moleculares, fueron muy usados en los años 90. Se desarrollaron como un método complementario a la caracterización ampelográfica, incluyendo análisis de isoenzimas, componentes aromáticos y fenoles, así como análisis serológico de proteínas del polen (Tomiç et al 2013). Este tipo de análisis se utilizó mucho para ver diferencias entre cultivares, pero la expresión de las enzimas depende del momento del ciclo biológico de la planta y del tejido utilizado para el análisis, al igual que en el caso de la ampelografía (Subden et al 1987).…”

Section: Métodos Bioquímicosunclassified

“…Estas variaciones pueden no mostrar cambios en el fenotipo, además los marcadores moleculares no dependen de las condiciones externas, ni del momento del ciclo biológico (Ibáñez et al 2005). Los primeros marcadores moleculares utilizados fueron los RFLP (Restriction Fragment Lenght Polymorphism) (Tomiç et al 2013).…”

Section: Métodos Molecularesunclassified

Desarrollo y aplicación de técnicas biotecnológicas para el saneamiento, multiplicación, caracterización y conservación de germoplasma de vid (Vitis vinifera L.)

Galán¹,

María²

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Grapevine is a crop of vegetative propagation with great economical importance which is distributed worldwide in temperate zones. It is mainly used for wine and table grape production. Despite the fact thousands of varieties exist only few are commonly used, producing a loss of variability. Since the arrival of the phylloxera aphid the grapevine culture is performed using resistant rootstocks. The Directive Commission 2005/43/EC amending the Directive Council annexes 68/193/EEC, indicates that grapevine material should be free of these viruses: Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), Grapevine leafroll associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3), Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) and Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV). In this work different methodologies related with in vitro culture were evaluated and developed with the aim of sanitate, mutiplicate and preserve grapevine germplam. In vitro preservation of grapevine varieties is a complementary stratregy of field preservation. In a preservation program it is important the selection of the starting material, determine its sanitary status, sanitate if it is necessary and, establish the appropriate in vitro conditions for its preservation. In the first chapter of this thesis (Chapter 1) the assays carried out for inducing somatic embryogenesis in 16 grapevine varieties which include six that were infected by the viruses GFLV, GLRaV-3 and GFkV are described. In grapevine, somatic embryogenesis has been described as a usefull methodology for virus sanitation and is the common pathway to adventitious regeneration. Efficient regeneration prototocols are necessary to address breeding by genetic transformation. In this work, cut seed are used as starting material and virus-free plants and high precentages of regeneration were obtained in all the varieties evaluated. The use of microsatellite markers has been useful to select those plants with the same genotype than the mother plant. From the other side, in this work, a micropropagation protocol starting from a healthy plant of the cultivar 'Monastrell' was developed and high multiplication rates with good adaptation to field conditions were obtained (Chapter 2). The culture medium MW was evaluated in 16 grapevine varieties as well as the following modifications: reduction in a half of the sugar content and elimination of the Indolebutyric Acid. The aim of these assays was to determine for each variety which conditions are the most appropiate to maintain in active in vitro culture this germplasm, lengthen the time between subcultures for reducing costs (Chapter 3). In Chapter 4 it is included a divulgation report that summarized the steps followed in the MINECO proyect CGL2015-70843-1.5.1.5. Crioconservación/Crioterapia 1.5.2 Micropropagación X 1.5.3 Conservación in vitro 19 1.5.4 Mejora genética y transformación genética 20 2. Objetivos 39 3. Capítulos 41 Capítulo 1: Somatic embryogenesis from seeds in a broad range of Vitis vinifera L. varieties: rescue of true-to-type virus-free plants 43 Capítulo 2: In vi...

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Characterization of Grapevines by the Use of Genetic Markers

Cited by 8 publications

References 65 publications

Using Rapid Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients to Classify Vitis Genotypes

Using Rapid Chlorophyll Fluorescence Transients to Classify Vitis Genotypes

Molecular Genetic Identification and Olive Leaves Oil Composition of Some Egyptian Olive Cultivars

Desarrollo y aplicación de técnicas biotecnológicas para el saneamiento, multiplicación, caracterización y conservación de germoplasma de vid (Vitis vinifera L.)

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