Characterization of groundwater dynamics in landslides in varved clays

Spek, Joanne E. van der; Bogaard, Thom; Bakker, Mark

doi:10.5194/hessd-10-295-2013

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…Pore pressure propagation does not only have to take place in vertical direction. Van der Spek et al used the pore pressure diffusion model to simulate horizontal water flow from water filled fissures into the surrounding fine‐grained varved‐clay to predict landslide response to rainfall.…”

Section: Bringing It Together At the Hillslope Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide hydrology: from hydrology to pore pressure

Bogaard

Greco²

2015

WIREs Water

230

132

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Rainfall-triggered landslides are among the most widespread hazards in the world. The hydrology in and around a landslide area is key to pore pressure buildup in the soil skeleton which reduces shear strength due to the buoyancy force exerted by water in a saturated soil and to soil suction in an unsaturated soil. Extraordinary precipitation events trigger most of the landslides, but, at the same time, the vast majority of slopes do not fail. The intriguing question is: 'When and where exactly can a slope become triggered to slide and flow downwards?' The objective of this article is to present and discuss landslide hydrology at three scales-pore, hillslope, and catchment-which, taken together, give an overview of this interdisciplinary science. We argue that 'filling, storing, and draining' of water are all equally relevant to understand and to quantify landslide behavior. Furthermore, by addressing landslide hydrology from both earth sciences and soil mechanics perspectives, we aim to manifest the hydrological processes in hillslopes and their influence on behavior and triggering of landslides and vice versa. The challenge of landslide hydrological research is matching, at hillslope scale, causal hydrological processes with detailed physics of triggering mechanisms. At the same time, mass movements initiate changes in the hydraulic character of the soil which are important for better understanding short-and long-term hydrogeomorphic responses of soil and hillslope. Interdisciplinarity is key in advancing our knowledge on water flows in (un)stable slopes.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. How to cite this article:WIREs Water 2016Water , 3:439-459. doi: 10.1002Water /wat2.1126 INTRODUCTION 'Landslide hydrology,' as postulated in the title, is neither an established research field nor is strictly defined in literature, but will be understood intuitively. The term 'landslide' is defined as the perceptible downward sliding of a mass of soil (debris and earth) or rocks under the influence of gravity, 1 and the term 'hydrology' deals with water occurrence, circulation, and distribution in and at the earth surface.2 Landslide hydrology therefore is the interdisciplinary study of water transfer, storage, and pressure buildup in the earth surface, linked to the destabilization and displacement of (part of a) slope before, during, and after a hydrological triggering event. The term 'landslide hydrology' is intuitive, as the relationship between water and landslide hazards is well-known. The water can originate from many different sources, such as precipitation, snow melt, and pipe leakage and drainage canals. The physical triggering mechanisms behind this well-known relation between water and landslides are the reduction of shear strength due to the buoyancy force exerted by water in a saturated soil, and the reduction of soil suction in an unsaturated soil. Although earthquakes trigger landslides, the vast majority of landslides is triggered by (extraordinary) precipitation events. 3The challenge in landslide research is ...

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Section: Bringing It Together At the Hillslope Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

Landslide hydrology: from hydrology to pore pressure

Bogaard

Greco²

2015

WIREs Water

230

132

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Geophysical characterization of the lithological control on the kinematic pattern in a large clayey landslide (Avignonet, French Alps)

Bièvre

Jongmans

Goutaland³

et al. 2015

Landslides

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Preferential Water Infiltration Path in a Slow-Moving Clayey Earthslide Evidenced by Cross-Correlation of Hydrometeorological Time Series (Charlaix Landslide, French Western Alps)

2018

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Slow-moving clayey earthslides frequently exhibit seasonal activity suggesting that deformation processes do not only depend on slope and intrinsic geomechanical parameters. On the contrary, seasonal motion patterns are frequently observed with acceleration during the wet season and deceleration during the dry season. Within landslides, it is mainly the phreatic water table which is monitored. However, in the case of deep-seated landslides made of heterogeneous lithological units and with several slip surfaces, the characterization of the phreatic water table does not allow to relate satisfactorily the activity of the landslide with environmental parameters such as rainfall and subsequent water infiltration at depth. This paper presents a seasonal analysis of water infiltration within a slow-moving clayey landslide. Results of an extensive geotechnical and geophysical prospect are first exposed. Then, rainfall and water table level time series are analysed for two water tables using the cross-correlation technique: the phreatic water table located a few metres deep and a water table located above a shear surface located 12 m deep. Results show that water infiltrates faster down to the deepest water table. Then, time series were split between “dry” and “wet” seasons and the effective rainfall was computed from the original rainfall time series. Cross-correlation results show that the phreatic water table responds identically to rainfall in both seasons. On the contrary, the water table located above the shear surface has a very contrasting behaviour between summer (mainly drainage) and winter (behaviour similar to the phreatic water table with storage of water during a few weeks). This difference in behaviour is in agreement with the landslide kinematics.

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Characterization of groundwater dynamics in landslides in varved clays

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

Landslide hydrology: from hydrology to pore pressure

Landslide hydrology: from hydrology to pore pressure

Geophysical characterization of the lithological control on the kinematic pattern in a large clayey landslide (Avignonet, French Alps)

Preferential Water Infiltration Path in a Slow-Moving Clayey Earthslide Evidenced by Cross-Correlation of Hydrometeorological Time Series (Charlaix Landslide, French Western Alps)

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