Characterization of Hypoglycemiant Plants by Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

Zucchi, Orghêda Luíza Araújo Domingues; Moreira, Silvana; Jesus, Edgar Francisco Oliveira de; Neto, Hélio Salvio; Salvador, Marcos José

doi:10.1385/bter:103:3:277

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The elements Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), Thallium (Ti), Manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn) and Strontium (Sr) were detected by screening the components of ginseng (10). Other minor components include volatile oils (member of vitamin B complex), manganese, vanadium, copper, cobalt, fatty acids, amino acids, simple sugars and other carbohydrates (11).…”

Section: A Breakdown Of Ginseng Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Ginseng on Hyperglycemia: Effects and Mechanisms

Luo

2007

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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It has been reported that American ginseng attenuates hyperglycemia and may present itself as a supplement to diabetes therapy. However, the lack of standardization in the usage of ginseng root leads to inconclusive results when applied to diabetes treatment. The mechanisms of American ginseng root in the treatment of diabetes remains a mystery. This greatly limits the effective utilization of American ginseng in facilitating diabetic therapy. Initiating studies have shown that American ginseng increases insulin production and reduces cell death in pancreatic β-cells. Also, studies have revealed American ginseng's ability to decrease blood glucose in type II diabetes patients as well as in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals (STZ-diabetic mice). These data suggest that effects of ginseng in improving hyperglycemia may alter mitochondrial function as well as apoptosis cascades to ensure cell viability in pancreatic islet cells. This review briefly summarizes current knowledge of ginseng components and clinical studies related to diabetes. Further research will be needed to explore and identify the component(s) of ginseng, which may be responsible for the beneficial effects observed in animal studies which could then be extrapolated to human islets.

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Section: A Breakdown Of Ginseng Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

[Retracted] Ginseng on Hyperglycemia: Effects and Mechanisms

Luo

2007

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Samples of PM 2.5 were collected at Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India and were assessed for elemental analysis using EDXRF (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence). It is an extensively utilized method for the quantification of trace elements in airborne PM due to its nondestructive technique which provides elemental composition results quickly without any chemical pre-treatment (Nascimento Filho, 1999;Zucchi et al, 2000;Öztürk et al, 2011). The measured elemental composition was then used as an input to run the PCA model to quantify the sources contributing to PM 2.5 primarily for the post-monsoon season.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental Characteristics and Source-Apportionment of PM2.5 During the Post-monsoon Season in Delhi, India

Bangar

Mishra

Jangid

et al. 2021

Front. Sustain. Cities

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In this study, we have coupled measurements, modeling, and remote sensing techniques to better delineate the source characteristics and variability of air pollutants in Delhi primarily during the post-monsoon season in 2019. We show a comparison of ambient PM2.5 (particulate matter having aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) levels and associated elements during the post-monsoon with those during a relatively clean season of monsoon (experiencing frequent wet precipitation). Air-mass back trajectories from Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model have been used to infer the possible source pathways of PM2.5 impacting at the receptor site in Delhi. The average concentrations of PM2.5 during monsoon (June–July) and post-monsoon (October–November) were 42.2 ± 15.5 μg m−3 (range: 22–73 μg m−3) and 121.4 ± 53.6 μg m−3 (range: 46–298 μg m−3), respectively. The PM2.5 samples were analyzed for heavy and trace elements (Si, S, Na, Mg, Al, Cl, Ca, K, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Br, Rb, Zr, and Pb) using an Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (ED-XRF) technique and their concentrations have been used to carry out the source-apportionment utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) tool. The PCA analysis has identified three major sources of fine aerosols including contributions from the sources viz. vehicular emission, biomass burning, coal combustion, secondary aerosols formation, soil dust, solid-waste burning and industrial emission. The source involving biomass burning contributed largely to the PM2.5 in post-monsoon season through long-range transport of large-scale agriculture-residue burning emissions (occurring in the states of Punjab, Haryana, and western part of Uttar Pradesh). The industrial emissions include primarily, medium- and small-scale metal processing industries (e.g. steel sheet rolling) in Delhi-National Capital Region. Traces of emission from coal based thermal power plants and waste incineration have also been observed in this study.

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“…Differentiation of H. procumbens (<9% 8-PCHG), mixtures (10-30% 8-PCHG), and H. zeyheri (>31 8-PCHG) proposed [13] Biopharmaceutical quality, release of active ingredients in vitro, and disintegration tests [238] Methods for detection of adulterations and contaminations [239] Bioequivalence of Harpagophytum products [240] Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) determination of harpagoside, 8-PCHG, and their ratio [241] NIR-FT-Raman spectroscopy for identification and quantification of harpagoside [242] Determination of harpagoside from CO 2 -extracts with HPLC and HPTLC-densitometry [243] NIRS determination of harpagoside, 8-PCHG, and their ratio [244] Fast HPLC determination of harpagoside using a monolithic silica column [245] Validation of a fast-HPLC for separation of iridoid glycosides to distinguish between species [246] LC-DAD-MS/SPE-NMR hyphenation for identification of isobaric iridoid glycoside regioisomers [247] X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (SRTXRF) to determine trace elements [248] Determination of aflatoxin B 1 [249] LC/MS determination of harpagoside, 8-PCHG, and their ratio [250] Computational study to estimate the proton and sodium cation affinities of harpagide [251] Quality parameters of finished products in the German market [252] Proposal to revise the drug-extract ratio of aqueous/ethanolic extracts [253] Methods for determination of minerals and heavy metals [254] Analysis of iridoids in horse urine [255] Solid-phase extraction for LC/MS analysis of harpagoside, 8-PCHG, and harpagide in equine plasma [256] Validated HPTLC method for the determination of harpagoside [257] High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) for harpagoside and isoacteoside contents [258] HPLC-DAD and HPLC-ESI-MS analyses of stability of the constituents [181] Anatomical study of secondary tubers and quantification of harpagoside by HPLC [259] Authenticity and contamination tests by DNA barcoding [260] Exploring species substitution through chemometric modeling of 1 H-NMR and UHPLC-MS [182] Mid-infrared spectroscopy and short-wave infrared hyperspectral imaging for qualitative assess...…”

Section: Topic Year Referencementioning

confidence: 99%

From Bush Medicine to Modern Phytopharmaceutical: A Bibliographic Review of Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum spp.)

Brendler

2021

Pharmaceuticals

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Devil’s claw (Harpagophytum spp., Pedaliaceae) is one of the best-documented phytomedicines. Its mode of action is largely elucidated, and its efficacy and excellent safety profile have been demonstrated in a long list of clinical investigations. The author conducted a bibliographic review which not only included peer-reviewed papers published in scientific journals but also a vast amount of grey literature, such as theses and reports initiated by governmental as well as non-governmental organizations, thus allowing for a more holistic presentation of the available evidence. Close to 700 sources published over the course of two centuries were identified, confirmed, and cataloged. The purpose of the review is three-fold: to trace the historical milestones in devil’s claw becoming a modern herbal medicine, to point out gaps in the seemingly all-encompassing body of research, and to provide the reader with a reliable and comprehensive bibliography. The review covers aspects of ethnobotany, taxonomy, history of product development and commercialization, chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, as well as clinical efficacy and safety. It is concluded that three areas stand out in need of further investigation. The taxonomical assessment of the genus is outdated and lacking. A revision is needed to account for intra- and inter-specific, geographical, and chemo-taxonomical variation, including variation in composition. Further research is needed to conclusively elucidate the active compound(s). Confounded by early substitution, intermixture, and blending, it has yet to be demonstrated beyond a reasonable doubt that both (or all) Harpagophytum spp. are equally (and interchangeably) safe and efficacious in clinical practice.

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Characterization of Hypoglycemiant Plants by Total Reflection X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

[Retracted] Ginseng on Hyperglycemia: Effects and Mechanisms

[Retracted] Ginseng on Hyperglycemia: Effects and Mechanisms

Elemental Characteristics and Source-Apportionment of PM2.5 During the Post-monsoon Season in Delhi, India

From Bush Medicine to Modern Phytopharmaceutical: A Bibliographic Review of Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum spp.)

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