Characterization of Inhibitory Substances of Tall Fescue on Birdsfoot Trefoil

Luu, K. T.; Matches, A. G.; Nelson, C.J.; Peters, E. J.; Garner, G. B.

doi:10.2135/cropsci1989.0011183x002900020034x

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In the previous study by Sutherland & Hoglund (1990), leachates reduced shootroot ratios, and, in general, allelopathic effects are greater on root than shoot growth and/or germination (e.g., Pederson 1985;Luu et al 1989;Springer 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Allelopathic effects of endophyte‐infected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings

Sutherland

Hume

Tapper

1999

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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Two glasshouse experiments were conducted to evaluate possible allelopathic effects of perennial ryegrass/endophyte (Lolium perennel Neotyphodium lolii) associations on white clover (Trifolium repens). The influence of betweenspecies competition, environmental stress, and soil fauna was eliminated by the use of a sterile sand nutrient culture technique to sustain potted clover seedlings, to which aqueous extracts from moisturestressed perennial ryegrass pseudostem were applied. In Experiment 1, extracts from two ryegrass cultivars ('Grasslands Pacific' and 'Grasslands Nui'), each hosting in separate seed lines two endophyte strains (ES, WT), suppressed clover growth (mean suppression 22% at 100% concentration) relative to extracts from endophytefree lines of the same cultivars. The degree of suppression increased with increasing extract concentration, differed between cultivars, but did not differ between endophyte strains. In Experiment 2, extracts at 100% concentration from a third ryegrass cultivar ('Grasslands Ruanui'), hosting in separate seed lines three endophyte strains (AR4, ES, WT), suppressed clover growth by a mean of 27% relative to extracts from an endophyte-free line *Author for correspondence A98022 Received 2 June 1998; accepted I December 1998 of this cultivar (range 11 to 47%), with significant differences between strains. The endophyte strains differed in three known endophyte alkaloids, viz peramine, ergovaline, lolitrem B, but in this study none of these alkaloids could solely account for the allelopathic response. The suppression of clover by all ryegrass cultivar/endophyte strain associations tested indicates that clover suppression is not confined to the specific associations used in previous studies, and that further testing of new associations is warranted as variation in the degree of allelopathy existed, being dependant on endophyte strain and host ryegrass cultivar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Allelopathic effects of endophyte‐infected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings

Sutherland

Hume

Tapper

1999

New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research

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“…Aqueous and ethanol extracts of F. arundinacea leaf and stem tissue have been shown to exhibit allelopathic effects upon alfalfa ( Medicago sativa ), Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum ), rape ( Brassica rapa ) and birdsfoot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus ) (Peters 1968; Luu et al . 1989; Smith & Martin 1994; Applebee et al .…”

Section: Structure and Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Festuca arundinacea Schreber (F. elatior L. ssp. arundinacea (Schreber) Hackel)

Gibson

Newman

2001

Journal of Ecology

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“…Total seedling length has been viewed as being generally more sensitive to inhibitory compounds than seed germination and shoot elongation (Hall and Henderlong, 1989;Kuiters, 1989;Luu et al, 1989;Hegde and Miller, 1990). Thus, overall seedling growth may be the best indicator of sensitivity to allelochemicals (Rietveld, 1983).…”

Section: Total Seedling Lengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alfalfa Plant and Soil Extracts on Germination and Growth of Alfalfa

Chung

Miller

1995

Agronomy Journal

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants contain water‐soluble substances that inhibit the germination and seedling growth of alfalfa. Determining where allelochemicals may be found in alfalfa in the greatest concentration would aid in trying to isolate the compound or compounds responsible for autotoxicity. This study investigated the allelopathic effects of various alfalfa plant parts, and the soil in which alfalfa had been grown, on alfalfa germination and seedling growth. Aqueous extracts of alfalfa leaf, stem, flower, seed, and root plant parts were made to determine their effects on germination and dry weights of hypocotyl, radicle and total length of 5‐d‐old alfalfa seedlings over a range of extract concentrations. Soil samples (Flanagan series: fine, montmorillonitic, mesic Aquic Argiudolls) from around alfalfa plants at the vegetative and reproductive stages were compared with sterilized and nonsterilized soil formerly seeded with alfalfa, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), and winter rye (Secale cereale L.) Increasing the aqueous extracts concentrations of separated alfalfa plant parts significantly inhibited alfalfa germination, seedling length and weight. Radicle length was more sensitive to extract source than seed germination or hypocotyl length. Based on 5‐d‐old alfalfa radicle length growth, and averaged across all extract concentrations, the degree of toxicity of different alfalfa plant parts and soil from around alfalfa can be classified in order of decreasing inhibition as follows: leaf, seed, complete plant mixture, soil, root, flower, and stem. Leaf extracts (12 g kg−1) caused a 48% decrease in water uptake by alfalfa seed. Soil in which alfalfa had previously grown was the most inhibitory to alfalfa growth after 25 d of growth compared with soil where winter rye or hairy vetch had previously grown. Inhibitory effects were greater for soil collected around alfalfa grown at the reproductive than the vegetative growth stage. These data indicate that alfalfa autotoxicity may result from a release of one or more water‐soluble compounds from alfalfa leaf tissue.

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Characterization of Inhibitory Substances of Tall Fescue on Birdsfoot Trefoil

Cited by 16 publications

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Allelopathic effects of endophyte‐infected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings

Allelopathic effects of endophyte‐infected perennial ryegrass extracts on white clover seedlings

Festuca arundinacea Schreber (F. elatior L. ssp. arundinacea (Schreber) Hackel)

Effect of Alfalfa Plant and Soil Extracts on Germination and Growth of Alfalfa

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