Characterization of liposome-containing SPIONs conjugated with anti-CD20 developed as a novel theranostic agent for central nervous system lymphoma

Abstract

Despite advances in neuroscience cancer research during the past decades, the survival of cancer patients has only marginally improved and the cure remains unlikely. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle protecting the entry of therapeutic agents to central nervous system, especially for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Thus, the use of small nanoparticle as a drug carrier may be new strategies to overcome this problem. In this study, we fabricated liposome consisting of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) functionalized with anti-CD20 (Rituximab; RTX). The designed nanoparticles have a theranostic property which is not only to improve drug delivery, but also to offer diagnostic and monitoring capabilities. TEM images revealed the spherical shape of liposome with the approximately average diameters about 140-190nm with slightly negatively charge surfaces. Superparamagnetic property of SPIONs-loaded liposomes was confirmed by VSM. Liposome colloidal could be prolonged at 4°C and 25°C storages. RTX conjugated liposome induced cell internalization and apoptosis effect in B-lymphoma cells. Drug targeting and therapeutic effect was investigated in BBB model. The result confirmed that liposome nanocarrier is required as a drug carrier for effectively RTX across the BBB.

The Role of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Cancer Nanotheranostics

“…Brain Lymphoma [112] Key: SPION-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle; MRI-Magnetic resonance imaging; PAI-Photoacoustic imaging; SERS-Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy; APTES-aminopropyl triethoxysiliane; PEG-poly(ethylene glycol); cy5 dye-cyanine dye; cRGD-cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate peptide; RGD-arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; ADT-hydrophobic anethole ditholethione; US-ultrasound; NIR-Near infrared. T 2 *-decay of transverse relaxation, resultant of spin-spin relaxation and inherent inhomogeneity of the main magnetic field.…”

Nanomaterials for Nanotheranostics: Tuning Their Properties According to Disease Needs

“…Liposomes that contain SPIONs and functionalized with rituximab antibody has been developed as theranostic agent for central nervous system lymphoma (see Figure 5d). 136 Blood-brain barrier regulates the movement of molecules, ions and cells between the continuous non-fenestrated microvasculature and the central nervous system. 137 The restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier pose challenges for targeted drug delivery to the central nervous system, and it is usually associated with neurological diseases including neurodegenerative diseases.…”

Nanotheranostics

“…Bu yüzey modifikasyonu sayesinde dolaşımdan hızlıca uzaklaşma sorunu çözülüp, lipozomal formülasyonlara kanda belirgin bir şekilde artan yarı ömür sağlanmıştır [48,49]. Saesoo ve ark., teranostik özelliğe sahip anti-CD20 (Rituximab; RTX) ile fonksiyonelleştirilmiş süperparamanyetik demir oksit nanopartiküllerinden oluşan, boyutu 140-190 nm olan ve negatif yüklü yüzeylere sahip küresel lipozomlar üretmişlerdir [50]. RTX konjuge lipozomun neden olduğu Blenfoma hücrelerinde hücre içselleştirmesi ve apoptoz etkisi nedeniyle, kan-beyin bariyeri için etkili bir ilaç taşıyıcı sistem olduğu vurgulanmıştır [50].…”