Characterization of minocycline loaded chitosan/polyethylene glycol/glycerol blend films as antibacterial wound dressings

Abstract

Wound care has been a challenging subject for medical teams and researchers. Bacterial infections are one of the most serious complications in injured skins that often affect healing process. Antibacterial wound dressings can be used to facilitate wound healing process. The purpose of this study is to fabricate chitosan (Chito)/polyethylene glycol (PEG) antibacterial wound dressing doped with minocycline, and to evaluate the influence of composition ratio on the blending properties of the films. To improve the mechanical properties of these films, we examined various amounts of glycerol as a plasticizer. Moreover, we investigated morphological and mechanical aspects, water uptake, degradation, water vapor transmission and wettability properties of the films prepared with various ratios of Chito/PEG/Gly. Assessment of mechanical properties revealed that film containing 80:20 ratio Chito/PEG with 40 PHR Gly content exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength and elongation at break (9.74 MPa and 45.73% respectively). Furthermore, results demonstrated that upon increasing PEG and Gly contents, degradability and hydrophilicity of the films increased whereas water uptake decreased. Water vapor transmission rate of the films was close to the range of 530–1200 g/m2d, indicating that the as formed films are possible candidates for dressing low exudate wounds or burns. Minocycline loaded films exhibited a biphasic drug release profile and it was more effective on gram‐positive bacteria than on gram‐negative bacteria. The polymeric film with the highest amount of loaded drug (2%) exhibited insignificant cytotoxicity (88%) against normal fibroblast cell line.

Preparation and Characterization of Antibacterial Films with Eggshell-Membrane Biopolymers Incorporated with Chitosan and Plant Extracts

“…Therefore, it was very valuable that the prepared films have strong antibacterial activity. Although other approaches, such as the incorporation of compounds like minocycline [22] and silver nanoparticles [23][24][25] into CS films, has been explored, plant extracts are unique in that they not only provide antibacterial properties but also decrease pH, provide antioxidants [28,29], and may have greater patient compliance due to the product having more patient-familiar compounds [30].…”

“…Between 3500-3000 cm −1 (indicated by 1 in Figure 3) both O-H and N-H stretching were detected and overlapping [7]. These amine and hydroxyl groups are present in chitosan and responsible for hydrogen bonding with both other chitosan molecules and glycerol contributing to the structural integrity of the films [22]. The double peak between ~3000-2800 cm −1 (indicated by 2 in Figure 3) is indictive of CH2, specifically the asymmetric mode [28].…”

“…The antibacterial properties of a chronic wound dressing are crucial due to the cost of treatment and the detrimental affect chronic wound infections have on patient health [21]. Previously, CS films have been incorporated with antibacterial compounds such as minocycline [22] and silver nanoparticles [23][24][25]. Another approach employed to improve the antibacterial properties of biopolymer films is the incorporation of plant extracts [3,[26][27][28], as they not only offer antibacterial properties but also antioxidants [28,29], and may have greater patient compliance due to the product having more compounds familiar with patients, as was previously demonstrated in the medical application of honey for wound care [30].…”

Novel Wound Dressing Based on Postbiotic/Chitosan Film Accelerates Cutaneous Wound Healing

“…The current study also found that using a CS/PEG film containing the L. reuteri postbiotic on day 14 could result in full wound closure. Zoghi et al (44) found that the CS/PEG/glycerol film containing minocycline had suitable WVTR properties. Besides, CS/PEG/glycerol had good antimicrobial properties against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and B. subtilis.…”

3D-Printed Alginate/Pectin-Based Patches Loaded with Olive Leaf Extracts for Wound Healing Applications: Development, Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Biological Properties

“…The Water Vapor Transmission Rate (WVTR) was evaluated following a protocol reported in the literature [ 28 ].…”