Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Northern Pintail (Anas acuta) in Japan

Abstract

ABSTRACT. A field isolate of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from northern pintail (Anas acuta) in Tohoku district, northeast Japan, was characterized. Phylogenetic analysis of the fusion protein indicated that the isolate belonged to genotype I and was closely related to isolates from the Far East corresponded to the migration route for this bird species. The isolate had the typical avirulent cleavage site of the fusion protein 112 GKQGR*L 117 . In addition, pathogenicity tests indicated the isolate to have avirulent characteristics. However, the isolate has been shown to cause fusion cytopathic effects and form plaques on chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF) in the absence of trypsin. The present results suggest that the CEF-adapted NDV, which is avirulent, is circulating among waterfowl populations. KEY WORDS: Newcastle disease virus (NDV), plaque formation, wild birds.

Phylogenetic analysis of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from waterfowl in the Upper Midwest Region of the United States

“…All NDV isolates of this study had lentogenic motif at the cleavage site. These results are in agreement with previous studies reporting the detection of lentogenic NDVs in wild birds and domestic ducks [ 4 , 9 , 15 , 20 , 21 ]. None of the isolates had the sequence motif of 111 GERQE/DRL 117 of class I isolates, although the latter have been reported in wild birds and domestic ducks [ 4 , 21 ].…”

Prevalence of avian paramyxovirus type 1 in Mallards during autumn migration in the western Baltic Sea region

“…As indicated by the deduced amino acid sequence of the F0 cleavage site, none of the APMV-1 isolates seem to be of the velogenic type. Corresponding results from screenings of wild birds have been reported previously, both in North America, Japan and Europe [16,37,38]. However, for an absolute confirmation of virus pathotype, tests in chicken embryos or chickens such as MDT (mean death time) and IVPI (intravenous pathogenicity index), respectively, needs to be performed [39].…”

Genomic and biological characterization of Newcastle disease viruses isolated from migratory mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

“…Waterfowls, a natural reservoir of NDVs, have potential to spread virus in the environment and their susceptible hosts, resulting in frequent disease outbreaks and subsequent economic losses [4,26,47,51]. While their movement from North to South across international boundaries, shedding of virus takes place at their resting places that may serve as a potential contamination source to multiple avian species including backyard and commercial poultry [29,43,51].…”