Characterization of Nipah Virus from Outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2008–2010

Lo, Michael K.; Lowe, Luis; Hummel, Kimberly B.; Sazzad, Hossain M.S.; Gurley, Emily S.; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Luby, Stephen P.; Miller, David; Comer, James A.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.

doi:10.3201/eid1802.111492

Cited by 141 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…4 Outbreaks separated by many months in different locations in Bangladesh and genetic characterization of the virus in Bangladeshi patients suggests repeated spillovers from bats to humans. [4][5][6] Little is known about the impact of landscape patterns on the roosting ecology of Pteropus spp. or why there are Nipah virus spillovers in only a subset of villages where P. giganteus roost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Landscape Composition and Configuration on Pteropus giganteus Roosting Ecology and Nipah Virus Spillover Risk in Bangladesh

Hahn¹,

Gurley²,

Epstein³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Nipah virus has caused recurring outbreaks in central and northwest Bangladesh (the "Nipah Belt"). Little is known about roosting behavior of the fruit bat reservoir, Pteropus giganteus, or factors driving spillover. We compared human population density and ecological characteristics of case villages and control villages (no reported outbreaks) to understand their role in P. giganteus roosting ecology and Nipah virus spillover risk. Nipah Belt villages have a higher human population density (P 0.0001), and forests that are more fragmented than elsewhere in Bangladesh (0.50 versus 0.32 patches/km 2 , P 0.0001). The number of roosts in a village correlates with forest fragmentation (r = 0.22, P = 0.03). Villages with a roost containing Polyalthia longifolia or Bombax ceiba trees were more likely case villages (odds ratio [OR] = 10.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-90.6). This study suggests that, in addition to human population density, composition and structure of the landscape shared by P. giganteus and humans may influence the geographic distribution of Nipah virus spillovers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Landscape Composition and Configuration on Pteropus giganteus Roosting Ecology and Nipah Virus Spillover Risk in Bangladesh

Hahn¹,

Gurley²,

Epstein³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…NiV was first discovered in Malaysia and Singapore in 1999 during an outbreak of severe respiratory disease in pigs and fatal encephalitis in humans (2). Since 2001, smaller outbreaks of NiV infections in India and Bangladesh have been regularly reported (3). Although human infections have been described only in Southeast Asia so far, there is recent evidence for the existence of Henipavirus-related viruses in African fruit bats (4,5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nipah Virus Entry and Egress from Polarized Epithelial Cells

Lamp

Dietzel

Kolesnikova

et al. 2013

J Virol

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“…Several other outbreaks have occurred thereafter in Bangladesh and India almost yearly since 2001 (6,9,10), with the last outbreak reported in Bangladesh in 2012 (11). NiV strains from Malaysia (M) and Bangladesh (B) are genetically distinct based on phylogenic analyses using amino acid sequences (6,12). To date, NiV has been responsible for more than 500 human cases, with mortality rates ranging from 40% (in Malaysia) (13) to 100% (in Bangladesh and India) (6,11,14).…”

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confidence: 99%