Characterization of nodules induced by bioactive glass on cultured periodontal‐ligament fibroblasts

Abstract

We previously reported that materials leached from bioactive glass (BG) and vitamin D3 induced the formation of nodules on cultured periodontal-ligament fibroblasts (PLF). In this study, we have investigated the relationship between the conditions of the materials and nodule formation, analyzed morphologically, and also studied whether the production of nodules was specific to cultured PLF. PLF and skin fibroblasts were cultured in the presence or absence of BG. The amounts of calcium, phosphate, sodium and silicon in the culture medium and the number of nodules were measured at the 55th day. The nodules were observed microscopically and analyzed using an X-ray microanalyzer. In PLF, nodules were formed regardless of the presence or absence of BG; however, they were more numerous in the presence of BG. In skin fibroblasts, nodules were not observed. The amounts of calcium and silicon were higher in the presence of BG, while the amount of phosphate was lower. The nodules appeared crystalline with a spongy structure and contained calcium and phosphorus. Our results show that the nodules were associated with PLF and precipitated by the materials (higher concentrations of calcium and silicon), and they were spongy crystal composed of calcium and phosphorus.

Effect of particulate bioactive glass on human synoviocyte cultures

“…1,2,8 Bioglass has the advantages of being able to stimulate osteoblast proliferation and production of bone matrix as well as having low cytotoxicity. 11,28 However, our in vitro model demonstrates that Bioglass can directly activate synoviocytes to secrete inflammatory cytokines. Synoviocytes have been well documented to synthesize and release inflammatory mediators and catalytic enzymes.…”

Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Induces Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Expression and Calcification in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells

“…The PDL is composed of a heterogeneous cell population including fibroblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (2,3). The undifferentiated mesenchymal cells included in the PDL probably exhibit a degree of plasticity because they are also capable of undergoing osteoblastic or cementoblastic differentiation in vitro (4) and can express osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) (5) to generate calcified deposits (6). Recently, we have developed and characterized the immortalized human PDL cells (HPLCs) comparing with normal human HPLCs that showed the spindle-shaped features and calcification in the osteogenic induction media and expressed Runx2, Osterix, alkaline phosphatase, OPN, OCN, periostin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, type XII collagen, Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-receptor, RANKL, and osteoprotegerin (7).…”

Immunomodulatory properties of human periodontal ligament stem cells

“…The periodontal ligament is a highly specialized cellular connective tissue that attaches the tooth root to the surrounding alveolar bone to maintain tooth stability and function. The periodontal ligament consists of a heterogeneous cell population that includes fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and epithelial cell rests of Malassez (Bordin et al, 1984;McCulloch and Bordin, 1991) and contains progenitors that are capable of differentiating into osteoblastlike and cementoblast-like cells forming mineralized nodules in vitro (Kubo et al, 1995;D'Errico et al, 1999;Somerman et al, 1999;Pitaru et al, 2002) and in vivo (Fujii et al, 2008). Therefore, it is widely thought that periodontal ligament harbors a population of progenitor cells responsible for maintaining and regenerating periodontal tissue structure and function (McCulloch and Bordin, 1991).…”