Characterization of Pectin Nanocoatings at Polystyrene and Titanium Surfaces

“…This rate of degradation was accelerated when the PLCA scaffolds were functionalized to increase wettability [ 32 ]. Since RG-I is known to increase wettability of surfaces [ 14 , 62 ], we postulate a faster hydrolysis of our functionalized PA scaffolds compared to Control. The degradation rate of polymeric scaffolds can be tailored by using different monomers in the copolymer or functionalizing with other hydrophilic factors [ 60 , 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune-instructive copolymer scaffolds using plant-derived nanoparticles to promote bone regeneration

et al. 2022

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Background Age-driven immune signals cause a state of chronic low-grade inflammation and in consequence affect bone healing and cause challenges for clinicians when repairing critical-sized bone defects in elderly patients. Methods Poly(l-lactide-co-ɛ-caprolactone) (PLCA) scaffolds are functionalized with plant-derived nanoparticles from potato, rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I), to investigate their ability to modulate inflammation in vitro in neutrophils and macrophages at gene and protein levels. The scaffolds’ early and late host response at gene, protein and histological levels is tested in vivo in a subcutaneous rat model and their potential to promote bone regeneration in an aged rodent was tested in a critical-sized calvaria bone defect. Significant differences were tested using one-way ANOVA, followed by a multiple-comparison Tukey’s test with a p value ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results Gene expressions revealed PLCA scaffold functionalized with plant-derived RG-I with a relatively higher amount of galactose than arabinose (potato dearabinated (PA)) to reduce the inflammatory state stimulated by bacterial LPS in neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. LPS-stimulated neutrophils show a significantly decreased intracellular accumulation of galectin-3 in the presence of PA functionalization compared to Control (unmodified PLCA scaffolds). The in vivo gene and protein expressions revealed comparable results to in vitro. The host response is modulated towards anti-inflammatory/ healing at early and late time points at gene and protein levels. A reduced foreign body reaction and fibrous capsule formation is observed when PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA were implanted in vivo subcutaneously. PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA modulated the cytokine and chemokine expressions in vivo during early and late inflammatory phases. PLCA scaffolds functionalized with PA implanted in calvaria defects of aged rats downregulating pro-inflammatory gene markers while promoting osteogenic markers after 2 weeks in vivo. Conclusion We have shown that PLCA scaffolds functionalized with plant-derived RG-I with a relatively higher amount of galactose play a role in the modulation of inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo subcutaneously and promote the initiation of bone formation in a critical-sized bone defect of an aged rodent. Our study addresses the increasing demand in bone tissue engineering for immunomodulatory 3D scaffolds that promote osteogenesis and modulate immune responses.

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Surface Nanocoating with Plant‐Derived Pectins Improves Fibroblast Response In Vitro

Folkert¹,

Mieszkowska²,

Gaber³

et al. 2018

Starch Stärke

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Pectins, plant‐derived polysaccharides, are novel candidates for biomaterial nanocoatings. Their chemical structure imitates the polysaccharides from the extracellular matrix of mammals, providing bio‐specific cell adhesion. It is possible to control the structure of pectin rhamnogalacturonan‐I (RG‐I) by enzymatic modification. RG‐Is has been proposed for surface nanocoating of orthopedic and dental titanium implants due to its effect on osseointegration with stimulation of bone and connective tissue healing. The aim of the current study is to evaluate in vitro, the impact of plant‐derived pectin RG‐I nanocoating on the cellular response of human fibroblasts. In this study, unmodified RG‐I and enzymatically modified RG‐I with low amount of arabinose and high amount of galactose are examined. All in vitro studies are performed on tissue culture polystyrene plates, whose surfaces are coated with unmodified and modified RG‐I. The results show that the nanocoating with pectin RG‐Is increas proliferation, cell metabolic activity, and gene expression of COL1A1, FN1, FGFR1, BMP7, and MMP2 as compared to control surface, without pectin coatings. The results show that nanocoating with RG‐Is has the capacity to improve fibroblast proliferation, differentiation, and extracellular matrix protein production, and may therefore be considered as a potential candidate for further improvement of bone and connective tissue regeneration.

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Characterization of Pectin Nanocoatings at Polystyrene and Titanium Surfaces

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Pectin nanocoating of titanium implant surfaces ‐ an experimental study in rabbits

Pectin nanocoating of titanium implant surfaces ‐ an experimental study in rabbits

Immune-instructive copolymer scaffolds using plant-derived nanoparticles to promote bone regeneration

Surface Nanocoating with Plant‐Derived Pectins Improves Fibroblast Response In Vitro

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