Characterization of PM10 Sources and Ambient Air Concentration Levels at Megalopolis City (Southern Greece) Located in the Vicinity of Lignite-Fired Plants

Manousakas, M.; Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos; Papaefthymiou, H.

doi:10.4209/aaqr.2012.09.0239

Cited by 23 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…The mean concentration of PM 10 was 2-fold higher than that observed at a night market for barbecue (Kuo et al, 2005). Compared with other occupational circumstances, field traffic police personnel (Majumder et al, 2012) and poultry farming (LawniczekWalczyk et al, 2013) have a greater risk of exposure to PM 10 ; however, the employees of public transportation (Gerber et al, 2014), lignite-fired power plant (Manousakas et al, 2013), and Sports facilitie (Alves et al, 2013) had lower exposure to PM 10 . All values obtained in the present study exceeded the primary national ambient air quality standard of China for PM 10 (150 µg m -3 ) (Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, 2012).…”

Section: Pm 10 and Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evaluation of Inhalation Exposure to Carcinogenic PM10-Bound PAHs of People at Night Markets of an Urban Area in a Metropolis in Eastern China

Zhang

Peng

Chen

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Inhalable particle bounded carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose high health risks to both food service workers and consumers cooking or purchasing late night snacks, respectively, in night markets because PAHs are generated in abundance during thermal cooking processes such as barbecue grilling. In the present study, sixteen carcinogenic PAHs in PM 10 collected during open hours from eight night markets in an urban area of a metropolis in eastern China were determined. The total concentration of PAHs (ΣPAH) ranged from 145 to 1340 ng m -3 , with an arithmetic mean of 828 ± 360 ng m -3 . Five-and six-ringed PAHs were predominant in the composition, implying a combination of sources including cooking and traffic. Low coefficient of divergence values for individual PAH homologous among all sampling sites indicated similar sources. The occurrence of PM 10 -bound PAHs appeared to depend on the gasparticle partitioning processes and emission sources according to the results of principal component analysis (PCA). The daily inhalation rate of particle and predicted gaseous benzo[a]pyrene (BaP)-equivalent adjusted PAHs (BaP eq ) for the workers due to occupational exposure was 0.451-3.43 µg day -1 . Correspondingly, the occupational exposure risk for workers with one year of service was less than the acceptable risk level (10 -6 ). However, the risk for people who had worked for more than 3 years exceeded 10 -6 but was less than the priority risk level (10 -4 ). For consumers, the maximum consumption time (t max ) for each time under the acceptable risk level would increase with an increase in age, and the exposure risk for infants, toddlers and children is high when PM 10 -bound PAHs are inhaled. We recommend that t max should be less than 1 hour for consumers under 25 years old. Therefore, our results indicate that both workers and consumers in the night markets have high cancer risks due to inhalation of PM 10 -bound PAHs.

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Section: Pm 10 and Pah Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Evaluation of Inhalation Exposure to Carcinogenic PM10-Bound PAHs of People at Night Markets of an Urban Area in a Metropolis in Eastern China

Zhang

Peng

Chen

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Black carbon measurements were conducted using a reflectometer. The method used is described elsewhere …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PM10 samples were collected once every 3 days. A number of those samples were analyzed by the use of XRF, whereas black carbon was also measured using a reflectometer . The results were then used for the identification and quantification of the contribution of PM10 sources in the area using EPA PMF 5.0 model.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

XRF characterization and source apportionment of PM10 samples collected in a coastal city

et al. 2017

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In the current study, a yearlong measurement campaign was conducted during the year 2012 in a medium sized coastal Greek city, Patras. PM10 samples were collected once every 3 days, and a number of those samples were analyzed by the use of a commercial X‐ray fluorescence system, Epsilon 5 by PANalytical, The Netherlands. PMF model was used for source identification. Because the uncertainty of the measurements is used as input in the model, special emphasis was given in its accurate estimation. Seven PM10 emission sources were identified using PMF 5.0 and were, namely, mineral dust (15%), road dust (4.6%), shipping emissions (3.8%), sea salt (11.9%), biomass burning (6.9%), traffic (46.2%), and sulfates (11.6%). The concentration weighted approach was used to investigate if the contributions of the sources identified in the area are affected by long range transportation events. A methodology of estimating the uncertainty of the day to day source contributions is proposed in this study. A comparison between the 24‐hr contribution for the mineral dust factor provided by the model and the calculated contributions for the same factor deduced from appropriate equations (chemical reconstruction) can be used for this purpose. The analysis showed that when the concentrations of the elements associated with the mineral dust source are close to their lowest value, the model assigns zero contribution to the mineral dust source. Following this methodology in the current study, 6 points were identified as bad fitting points, a number that represents less than 10% of the total measurements.

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“…All filters were loaded into clean polystyrene Petri dishes after sampling and were stored for subsequent analysis (Manousakas et al, 2013).…”

Section: Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long Term Flux of Saharan Dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, Greece

et al. 2017

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In this study, Particulate Matter (PM) samples, collected during 2 summer and 2 winter months over a long-term period at a suburban site in Athens (Greece), were used in order to examine the connection between Sahara dust long range transport events and mass concentrations of the aerosol mineral component, as well as the relative abundance of specific crustal components. As a result, the average deposition flux of dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, during days with Sahara dust transport events, was calculated. The elemental concentration of aerosol samples was determined by means of ET-AAS, ED-XRF. Mineral dust was chemically reconstructed by using the elemental concentrations of the crustal species based on their common oxides. Two different air mass transport models (HYSPLIT and FLEXTRA) were used for the identification of the days with dust transport events. The dust deposition velocity of the particles was calculated by using Stokes drag law, while the dust deposition flux was calculated taking into account the mean particle size of the aerosol coarse size fraction, which is dominated by the transported crustal component during Sahara dust intrusions. The mineral dust contribution was higher in summer, when dry weather conditions prevail. The Ca/Fe ratio was examined for all years, since this ratio is often used for the identification of Saharan dust events. For the years 1996 and 1998 the Ca/Fe ratio indicates an influence by local urban generated dust. The dust deposition flux per day of a Sahara intrusion event varied from 61 to 199 µg/m 2 with an average value of 131 ± 41 µg/m 2 . The total dust deposition over the 4 month measuring period ranged from 237 to 2935 µg/m 2 .

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Characterization of PM10 Sources and Ambient Air Concentration Levels at Megalopolis City (Southern Greece) Located in the Vicinity of Lignite-Fired Plants

Cited by 23 publications

References 64 publications

Evaluation of Inhalation Exposure to Carcinogenic PM10-Bound PAHs of People at Night Markets of an Urban Area in a Metropolis in Eastern China

Evaluation of Inhalation Exposure to Carcinogenic PM10-Bound PAHs of People at Night Markets of an Urban Area in a Metropolis in Eastern China

XRF characterization and source apportionment of PM10 samples collected in a coastal city

Long Term Flux of Saharan Dust to the Aegean Sea around the Attica Region, Greece

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