Characterization of progressive periodontal lesions in chronic periodontitis patients: levels of chemokines, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase‐13, periodontal pathogens and inflammatory cells

Abstract

The detection of periodontopathic bacteria, host matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines in periodontitis patients with lesions undergoing episodic attachment loss could partially explain the mechanisms associated with the destruction of the supporting tissues of the tooth.

TBX21-1993T/C (rs4794067) polymorphism is associated with increased risk of chronic periodontitis and increased T-bet expression in periodontal lesions, but does not significantly impact the IFN-g transcriptional level or the pattern of periodontophatic bacterial infection

“…14 While the immune response pattern associated with a clear disease outcome seems to vary significantly, the common point among progressive lesions (in both periodontitis and periapical lesions) seems to be the presence of recognized pathogens. [40][41][42][43] Therefore, the data presented herein demonstrates a disproportionate large effect of the presence/absence of red complex bacteria with the disease status and the periodontitis subrogate variable PD. Even though the T-allele carriers were enriched in the diseased group, and the TT and CT genotypes were overrepresented in the CP patients group (indicating an association of the SNP with the disease status); the environmental microbiological covariate obscures this association in the logistic regression model.…”

Changes in Transforming Growth Factor- β 1 in Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Following Periodontal Flap Surgery

“…Hence, all sites were subjected to SRP followed by open flap debridement in accordance with the study done by Kim et al, [14] Becker et al, [15] and Silva et al, [16] had stated that the reduction in probing pocket depth and gain in CAL was a result of reduction in pathogenic bacteria and conversion of inflamed gingiva to healthy gingiva with or without new connective tissue attachment which explains the improvement in periodontal parameters from Baseline to Pre-surgical time intervals. The improvement in periodontal parameters following treatment in this study were in accordance with a systemic review done by Heitz-Mayfield et al, [17] which established that in deep periodontal pockets (≥6 mm), surgical therapy resulted in more probing pocket depth reduction and more attachment gain than the non-surgical therapy.…”

Expression of angiogenesis-stimulating factors (VEGF, CD31, CD105) and angiogenetic index in gingivae of patients with chronic periodontitis

“…Periodontitis induces destruction of periodontal tissue connective matrix, loss of fibrous attachment, alveolar bone resorption and an impaired formation of new bone [3]. Risk factors for moderate to severe periodontitis that have been identified include cigarette smoking, advancing age, diabetes mellitus and certain other systemic conditions [1].…”