Characterization of protein monolayers by surface plasmon resonance combined with cyclic voltammetry ‘in situ’

Surface-plasmon voltammetry using a gold grating

“…[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] It is SPR-electrochemistry, which has now been recognised as a new and powerful tool for exploring not just electrochemistry but also bioelectrochemistry [37][38][39][40] that is of interest in this work.…”

“…This KretschmannRaether geometry overcomes the small gap fabrication and "trapped-electrolyte" problems of the Otto system and is much better suited to bio-sensing applications where the use of wellordered single crystal electrodes is not so crucial. 30,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] However, the optically-thin metal film is very fragile and consequently does not allow extended electrochemical deposition cycles to be performed on the same electrode. In general, this geometry also necessitates the use of polycrystalline electrodes although there are exceptions.…”

Surface characterization of a cross‐linked cytochrome c film on cysteamine‐modified gold electrodes

“…Taking into account that a monolayer corresponds to 3.37 × 10 −11 mol cm −2 of HHC, [10] the HHC|EDC|CYS|Au-modified electrode consists of ca 18 100 layers. Since HHC is a globular protein with a diameter of 2.5 µm, [34,35] it can be derived that the formed HHC film has a thickness of 45.25 µm. The latter is in very good correlation with the value obtained with the 3D surface profiler, i.e.…”

Immobilization of cytochrome c on cysteamine-modified gold electrodes with EDC as coupling agent

“…There is no intermolecular HHC coupling. A cyclic voltammogram (not shown) of such a monolayer HHC-modified electrode reveals a charge of 6.5 × 10 −8 C for the reduction peak of ferrocytochrome c corresponding to a surface coverage of 3.37 × 10 −11 mol cm −2 indicating the formation of a monolayer [28,29].…”