Characterization of Reconstructed Skin Models

Ponec, Maria; Boelsma, Esther; Gibbs, Susan; Mommaas, Mieke

doi:10.1159/000066682

Cited by 134 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the native epidermis, the lamellar bodies are present in the stratum spinosum layers, and the extrusion is complete at the stratum granulosum/stratum corneum interface. 14 For the reconstructed model, the extrusion being retarted, the presence of lamellar bodies is noticed in the uppermost stratum corneum layers. 14,54 The integrated intensity of the band between 780 and 980 cm 21 assigned to polysaccharides CÀ ÀOÀ ÀC stretching vibration 55 seems to be more intense for Episkin, which could originate from the culture medium polysaccharides.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Ponec et al 14 highlighted the presence of keratin 6 fibers in reconstructed epidermis models. This type of keratin is absent in the native skin, and its expression is induced after acute challenges (wound, injury, etc).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of keratin is absent in the native skin, and its expression is induced after acute challenges (wound, injury, etc). 14 On the other hand, a lower expression of some other types of keratin was mentioned. Such variations may explain the difference in the CÀ ÀS bonds vibrations between both tissues.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,5,11,12 These models were characterized and compared by several techniques to natural skin, excised human skin, and animal model skin (rat and pig). 13,14 Among the techniques actually used to study the skin, Raman spectroscopy presents the advantages of being nondestructive, it also allows a real-time structural and molecular analysis, without requiring any sample preparation. The direct accessibility of the skin makes this tissue an interesting field for Raman spectroscopic investigations on a large scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of reconstructed skin model by Raman microspectroscopy: Comparison with excised human skin

et al. 2007

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Human skin is directly exposed to different exogenous agents. Many research works have studied the diffusion, interactions, absorption mechanisms, and/or toxicity of these agents toward different cutaneous structures. With the use of living animals for such tests being more and more rejected; and the number of human volunteers being limited; different types of skin models are used. In the last few years, reconstructed epidermis from cell cultures has been frequently employed, and recent changes in the European chemical policy have approved and encouraged the use of these reconstructed models for skin‐related research works and assessments. Among the techniques used actually to study the skin, Raman microspectroscopy is a rising and powerful nondestructive technique that detects characteristic molecular vibrations. In this study, we created a spectral database to index the vibration peaks and bands of a well‐known reconstructed epidermis model, the Episkin®. The comparison with a native epidermis signal enabled us to put in evidence several spectral differences associated with molecular and structural differences between the skin and the reconstructed model, both maintained in living conditions. In addition to that, we have showed the feasibility of tracking the penetration of a pharmaceutical molecule through the Episkin model. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 87: 261–274, 2007.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of reconstructed skin model by Raman microspectroscopy: Comparison with excised human skin

et al. 2007

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“…Analysis of the tissue microstructure has demonstrated the presence of keratohyalin granules, tonofilament bundles, desmosomes, and a multilayered stratum corneum containing intercellular lamellar lipid layers arranged in patterns characteristic of the in vivo epidermis (22). The reconstructed tissues are mitotically and metabolically active, maintaining the same differentiation patterns as those in vivo (21,23). Markers of mature epidermis-specific differentiation such as profilaggrin, the K1͞K10 cytokeratin pair, involucrin, and type I epidermal transglutaminase, are expressed (24).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological effects in unirradiated human tissue induced by radiation damage up to 1 mm away

Belyakov

Mitchell

Parikh

et al. 2005

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

272

166

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A central tenet in understanding the biological effects of ionizing radiation has been that the initially affected cells were directly damaged by the radiation. By contrast, evidence has emerged concerning ''bystander'' responses involving damage to nearby cells that were not themselves directly traversed by the radiation. These long-range effects are of interest both mechanistically and for assessing risks from low-dose exposures, where only a small proportion of cells are directly hit. Bystander effects have been observed largely by using single-cell in vitro systems that do not have realistic multicellular morphology; no studies have as yet been reported in three-dimensional, normal human tissue. Given that the bystander phenomenon must involve cell-to-cell interactions, the relevance of such single-cell in vitro studies is questionable, and thus the significance of bystander responses for human health has remained unclear. Here, we describe bystander responses in a three-dimensional, normal human-tissue system. Endpoints were induction of micronucleated and apoptotic cells. A charged-particle microbeam was used, allowing irradiation of cells in defined locations in the tissue yet guaranteeing that no cells located more than a few micrometers away receive any radiation exposure. Unirradiated cells up to 1 mm distant from irradiated cells showed a significant enhancement in effect over background, with an average increase in effect of 1.7-fold for micronuclei and 2.8-fold for apoptosis. The surprisingly long range of bystander signals in human tissue suggests that bystander responses may be important in extrapolating radiation risk estimates from epidemiologically accessible doses down to very low doses where nonhit bystander cells will predominate.bystander ͉ normal human tissue ͉ radiological risk

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Fundamentals and Applications of Raman‐Based Techniques for the Design and Development of Active Biomedical Materials

2023

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Raman spectroscopy is an analytical method based on light‐matter interactions that can interrogate the vibrational modes of matter and provide representative molecular fingerprints. Mediated by its label‐free, non‐invasive nature and high molecular specificity, Raman‐based techniques have become ubiquitous tools for in situ characterisation of materials. This review comprehensively describes the theoretical and practical background of Raman spectroscopy and its advanced variants. We highlight the numerous facets of material characterisation that Raman scattering can reveal, including biomolecular identification, solid‐to‐solid phase transitions and spatial mapping of biomolecular species in bioactive materials. The review illustrates the potential of these techniques in the context of active biomedical material design and development by highlighting representative studies from the literature. These studies cover the use of Raman spectroscopy for the characterisation of both natural and synthetic biomaterials, including engineered tissue constructs, biopolymer systems, ceramics and nanoparticle formulations, among others. To increase the accessibility and adoption of these techniques, the present review also provides the reader with practical recommendations on the integration of Raman techniques into the experimental laboratory toolbox. Finally, we provide perspectives on how recent developments in plasmon‐ and coherently‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy can propel Raman from underutilised to critical for biomaterial development.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Characterization of Reconstructed Skin Models

Cited by 134 publications

References 20 publications

Molecular characterization of reconstructed skin model by Raman microspectroscopy: Comparison with excised human skin

Molecular characterization of reconstructed skin model by Raman microspectroscopy: Comparison with excised human skin

Biological effects in unirradiated human tissue induced by radiation damage up to 1 mm away

Fundamentals and Applications of Raman‐Based Techniques for the Design and Development of Active Biomedical Materials

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