Characterization of Resistance to <I>Callosobruchus maculatus</I> (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) in Mungbean Variety VC6089A and Its Resistance-Associated Protein VrD1

Abstract

Characteristics of resistance of VC6089A, a mungbean, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek, bred by using a wild Vigna species, V. sublobata (Roxburgh) Verdcourt (accession no. TC1966), and containing a novel protein, VrD1, were investigated against the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.). The seeds of VC6089A showed high level of resistance; > 96% of the bruchid eggs failed to develop into adults, whereas 85% of eggs laid on susceptible cultivar VC1973A became adults. Mortality of surviving bruchids raised for five generations on VC6089A remained higher than 96%; however, female adults maintained high fecundity and thus showed a positive population growth through these generations. We therefore cannot exclude the possibility that the beetles could develop resistance to the resistant mungbean VC6089A. The protein VrD1 purified from seeds of VC6089A showed marked toxicity to C. maculatus when beetles were reared on artificial seeds containing varying levels of VrD1. Thorough inhibition of development was observed when artificial seeds containing 0.2% (wt:wt) VrD1 was provided for insect feeding. Our findings demonstrated the insecticidal activity of VC6089A mungbean seeds and VrD1 protein against C. maculatus. These results may facilitate safer control against bruchid infestation.

Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism markers associated with resistance to bruchids (Callosobruchus spp.) in wild mungbean (Vigna radiata var. sublobata) and cultivated V. radiata through genotyping by sequencing and quantitative trait locus analysis

“…Recently, [ 13 ] confirmed the presence of resistance genes against bruchids on chromosome 5 of TC1966. In mungbean line VC6089A, which was bred by using TC1966 as a resistance source, a protein putatively having polysaccharide hydrolase activity termed VrD1 was isolated, which inhibited the development of C. maculatus into adults when used in artificial seeds [ 14 ]. A 4-week feeding study on mice comparing a commercial mungbean line with an isogenic line containing the bruchid resistance gene from TC1966 showed no negative impact on growth or any pathological effect of the V. radiata var.…”

Oviposition and development response of perilla seed bugs (Nysius sp.) (Heteroptera: Lygaeidae) to five crop seeds

“…Several studies have found that millets contain a wide range of phenolic compounds (Chandrasekara & Shahidi, 2012;Chethan & Malleshi, 2007;Naczk & Shahidi, 2004;Udeh et al, 2017). Previous studies have reported the effects in a number of seeds of several defensive chemicals and proteins such as cyclopeptide alkaloid, trypsin, peptide compound "GIF-5," and cysteine-rich protein on several beetle species (Chan, Chen, & Horng, 2005;Chen, Lin, Kuan, Sung, & Chen, 2002;Kaga, Teraishi, Iijima, Sugawara, & Ishimoto, 2000;Sugawara et al, 1996).…”

Population Development of Bean Weevils (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in Landrace Varieties of Cowpeas and Common Beans

“…Low adult emergence, prolonged development period, and reduced body mass of bruchids have been observed in common bean and cowpea genotypes that exhibit antibiosis-type resistance (Lin et al 2005;Velten et al 2007a, b;Eduardo et al 2016). The low rate of bean weevil emergence in the UFAC-Q01 cowpea variety and in the UFAC-R01 common bean variety may be related to the occurrence of antibiosis as a resistance mechanism in these varieties, which is usually characterized by high larval mortality (Baldin & Lara 2004).…”