Abstract:An experimental investigation of resistance welding of thermoplastic composite double lap shear (DLS) joints is presented. DLS specimens consisting of unidirectional carbon fibre/ polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK), carbon fibre/polyetherketoneketone (CF/PEKK), carbon fibre/polyetherimide (CF/PEI) and 8-harness satin weave fabric glass fibre/polyetherimide (GF/PEI) composites were resistance welded using a stainless steel mesh heating element. The welded specimens were tested under static and fatigue loadings, and… Show more
“…Within the temperature range utilized, the LSS values were consistently between 31 and 39 MPa (Figure 3), showing statistically insignificant differences based upon the ANOVA results regardless of temperature or time factors, which were slightly lower than values reported by Dube et al. 10 Their work with resistance-welded specimens at 440℃ yielded a 53 MPa LSS result. Figure 3.Apparent lap shear strength of self-melting.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 58%
“…Double-lap shear test (DLS) was performed based on ASTM D3528 9 and Dube et al. 10 CFC scraps were cut into strip samples with dimension of 25.4 mm in width and by 114.3 mm in length. The testing samples contain two overlap surfaces, each 12.7 mm long.…”
Post-industrial trimmings and off-cuts of carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone composite were successfully recycled into new composite products. The original composites were thermally characterized by dynamic thermomechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Melt-bonding and thermoset adhesives were used to bond the carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone. Performance of the bond was evaluated through double lap-shear tests. The carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone scraps were mechanically refined to a variety of elemental sizes, subsequently subjected to high-temperature hot pressing to form panel composites. The influences of element size and processing temperature were evaluated through mechanical testing.
“…Within the temperature range utilized, the LSS values were consistently between 31 and 39 MPa (Figure 3), showing statistically insignificant differences based upon the ANOVA results regardless of temperature or time factors, which were slightly lower than values reported by Dube et al. 10 Their work with resistance-welded specimens at 440℃ yielded a 53 MPa LSS result. Figure 3.Apparent lap shear strength of self-melting.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 58%
“…Double-lap shear test (DLS) was performed based on ASTM D3528 9 and Dube et al. 10 CFC scraps were cut into strip samples with dimension of 25.4 mm in width and by 114.3 mm in length. The testing samples contain two overlap surfaces, each 12.7 mm long.…”
Post-industrial trimmings and off-cuts of carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone composite were successfully recycled into new composite products. The original composites were thermally characterized by dynamic thermomechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis. Melt-bonding and thermoset adhesives were used to bond the carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone. Performance of the bond was evaluated through double lap-shear tests. The carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone scraps were mechanically refined to a variety of elemental sizes, subsequently subjected to high-temperature hot pressing to form panel composites. The influences of element size and processing temperature were evaluated through mechanical testing.
“…The LSS values of the welded joints with etched SS mesh have the same change trend as that of the welded joints using untreated SS mesh with increasing t w . 21 Therefore, the etch pits on the surface of the SS wire play a key role in enhancing the bonding strength with the resin. The optimal LSS is 35.44 MPa when t w and t e reach 150 s and 30 min, respectively, and the increase rate reaches 27.7% compared to the maximum LSS value shown in Figure 5(c).…”
Section: Effect Of Chemical Etch Of Ss Mesh On the Properties Of Weldmentioning
The surface modification of stainless-steel (SS) mesh was carried out by chemical etching for different time, and then, the etched SS meshes were used as the interlayer heating element for resistance welding of glass fabric-reinforced polyetherimide (GF/PEI) composite laminates. The hydrophobicity and tensile strength of the etched and untreated SS wires and interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between SS wire and PEI resin were investigated by dynamic contact angle (DCA) analyzer and single fiber pull-out test to evaluate the influence of the degree of chemical etching on the bonding strength of PEI resin and SS surface. Tensile lap-shear strength (LSS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis were performed to investigate the welding interface strength and fracture morphologies of the resistance-welded joint of the GF/PEI laminates. The hydrophobicity and tensile strength of SS wires were increased and decreased respectively with etching time (t e ). The IFSS of SS wire/PEI resin showed an improvement with t e . The LSS was increased first and then decreased with t e , and the optimal t e was 30 min when LSS reached the maximum. Fracture analysis showed the main failure mode of the welded joints was the interlayer debonding when welding time (t w ) was insufficient. With the extension of t w , the failure mode gradually switched into the intralayer tearing of the SS implant.
“…ASTM D5686 [5]). Other types of mechanical tests also used for research on polymer composite welded joints are double-lap shear [6,7], interlaminar shear strength [8], cross tensile [9], pull through [6], three-point bending [10], double cantilever beam and end-notched flexure [11]. Arguably, the main reason for SLS testing being so commonly used for composite welded joints is the simple geometry of the test coupons.…”
Single-lap shear (SLS) joints are straightforward to manufacture. This makes them especially attractive for testing polymer composite welded joints. Owing to local heating, which is characteristic of composite welding processes, the production of more geometrically intricate joints (such as double-lap or scarfed joints) or bigger joints (such as end-notched flexure or double cantilever beam) typically entails significant complexity in the design of the welding process. Testing of SLS joints is also uncomplicated and, even though, owing to mixed-mode loading and uneven stress distribution, it does not provide design values, it is widely acknowledged as a valuable tool for comparison. Even so, comparing different aspects of composite welded joints through their corresponding SLS strength values alone can be deceptive. This paper shows that comparison of different welding processes, adherend materials, process parameters or different types of joining techniques through SLS testing is only meaningful when strength values are combined with knowledge on other aspects of the joints such as joint mesostructure, failure modes and joint mechanics.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘A cracking approach to inventing new tough materials: fracture stranger than friction’.
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