Characterization of Short Intense Pulsed Electrothermal Plasma Capillaries for Use as Fusion and Launchers Heat Flux Sources

Al-Halim, Mohamed A. Abd; Bourham, Mohamed

doi:10.1007/s10894-014-9664-y

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In order to obtain the bulk flow parameters at the source exit, the stand-alone electrothermal plasma solver ETFLOW [4][5][6] has been used for the peak discharge current I = 50 kA for Lexan polycarbonate (C 16 H 14 O 3 ) [3] as the ablative capillary sleeve material for five different capillary radii, r c = 0.002, 0.00225, 0.0025, 0.00275 and 0.003 m. Ablated mass (M abl ), plasma bulk density (q), plasma pressure (P), bulk temperature (T bulk ) and plasma bulk velocity (V bulk ) at the capillary exit for the respective cases have been obtained and the Mach numbers have been calculated for the subsonic flow at the capillary exit from the obtained source exit data. Table 1 presents the relevant capillary exit data of interest, that enable us to establish scaling laws between the source radius ratio R c and the above mentioned plasma bulk parameters.…”

Section: Assessment Of Effect Of Source Capillary Radius Using Etflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Changing Source Capillary Radius on Bulk Flow Parameter Scaling Laws for Hypersonically Expanding Arc-Ablated Polycarbonate Plasma for Fusion and Space Applications

Majumdar

Banerjee

2015

J Fusion Energ

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Capillary pulsed electrothermal plasma source coupled to a linear converging-diverging nozzle was previously found to be adequate as a simulator for the supersonic bulk flow patterns of the aerosol particulates generated following a hard disruption event that damages the plasma facing components in a fusion reactor. A similar system can assume an important role in the computational studies related to space electric propulsion and electrostatic ion thrusters. Scaling laws for the prediction of bulk temperature, density, pressure, plasma bulk velocity and Mach number as a function of the axial length traversed measured from the source exit had been proposed previously for an arc-ablated polycarbonate plasma jet evolving into a vacuum chamber via the transition nozzle. In the present work, the source capillary radius has been varied and with the sectional lengths remaining fixed, the converging and diverging angles have also been varied with it, as the diverging exit Mach number was kept constant at a highhypersonic value *18. The effect of changing source capillary radius as well as the transition region geometry on the aforesaid bulk flow parameters has been studied computationally and new scaling laws have been proposed.Keywords Impurity plasma expansion Á Hypersonic expansion of arc-ablated plasma Á Changing plasma source capillary radius Á Effect of nozzle geometry on fusion particle flow

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Section: Assessment Of Effect Of Source Capillary Radius Using Etflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Changing Source Capillary Radius on Bulk Flow Parameter Scaling Laws for Hypersonically Expanding Arc-Ablated Polycarbonate Plasma for Fusion and Space Applications

Majumdar

Banerjee

2015

J Fusion Energ

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“…Capillary discharge plasma is widely used in many technical applications, such as waveguides [1,2], electrothermal chemical guns [3][4][5][6][7], pre-inject plasma armatures into rail guns [8], and simulating conditions of hard disruption in tokamak fusion reactors [9][10][11][12][13]. These works mainly focus on the ablation of capillary materials, capillary discharge models, and capillary discharge experiments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into geometric effect in capillary discharge plasma generator using an improved ablation model

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The wall material and the electrode material together determine the composition of the capillary discharge plasma. In this paper, an improved ablation model considering polyethylene (PE) and copper ablation and deposition was developed. Generators with different geometric sizes were calculated and tested. The results show that the concentration distributions of copper and PE in the generator were the pair-wise opposite, and the aspect ratio (AR) had a threshold (AR = 8.67). The copper mass density distribution varied from uniform to inhomogeneous with the increase in AR, which was similar to that of its concentration distribution. The maximum copper mass density increased with the increase in AR, and the AR threshold was also 8.67. The relationship between the copper or PE ablated mass and capillary length or diameter approximately followed a power law, and the relationship between the copper or PE ablated mass and AR approximately followed a proportional law. The PE mass density distribution was not similar to that of its concentration for AR ≥ 8.67. The PE ablated mass increased with the increase in AR, and its variation was similar to that of the maximum PE mass density. When the AR(AR > 5.2) was large enough, the PE mass density distribution determined the total mass density distribution. Otherwise, the total mass density distribution was determined by the mass density distribution of PE and copper. Overall, the simulation results were in good agreement with the experiments. These can be used to select the size and material of the capillary in simulating high heat flux plasma or electrothermal chemical gun ignition.

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“…In the previous study, electrothermal plasma discharge models were developed taking various factors into account [2]. For the purpose of capturing phenomena occurring at the ablating surface and correctly evaluating the heat flux to the capillary wall [3] and its development [1], a fully two dimensional (2D) model of electrothermal plasma discharges was prepared. It took into account the interspecies interaction forces due to elastic collisions, and although the effects of the plasma flow field and pressure were observed for discharge current pulses peaking at 10 and 20 kA, it lost sight of copper ablation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different ablation models have been established for capillary discharge, and the perfor mance of PE and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) materials calculated, so obtaining the quantitative relationships among the ablation rate and plasma temperature and density. The ablation process is investigated in pulsed plasma thrusters [3,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], in which the discharge condition is similar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An electrothermal plasma model considering polyethylene and copper ablation based on ignition experiment

Zhang¹,

Li²,

Yang³

2018

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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In order to study the characteristics of electrothermal plasma interaction with energetic materials, especially the ignition ability, a novel model considering polyethylene and copper ablation is developed, and an ignition experiment system is set up. The parameters of the plasma and the surface conditions of the energetic materials are measured in the testing. The results show the measured first peak pressure to be ~2.2 MPa, the second peak pressure to be ~3.9 MPa, and the visible flame velocity to be ~2000 m s −1 . Circular pits of the order of microns and nanometers in size are observed on the surface of the energetic materials. Further, the parameters of the plasma, including static pressure, total pressure, density, temperature, velocity, copper concentration and PE concentration, are calculated and analyzed by the established model, under discharge currents of 9 kA. The simulation is similar to those of experimental results. A shock wave is observed in the experiment and is presented in the calculations; it plays an important role in the performance of the plasma in the nozzle region, where the parameters of the plasma variation trends are very complex. With the aim of obtaining the overall performance of the plasma, the coupling characteristics of multiple parameters must be taken into account, in accordance with the developed electrothermal plasma model.

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Characterization of Short Intense Pulsed Electrothermal Plasma Capillaries for Use as Fusion and Launchers Heat Flux Sources

Cited by 12 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of Changing Source Capillary Radius on Bulk Flow Parameter Scaling Laws for Hypersonically Expanding Arc-Ablated Polycarbonate Plasma for Fusion and Space Applications

Effect of Changing Source Capillary Radius on Bulk Flow Parameter Scaling Laws for Hypersonically Expanding Arc-Ablated Polycarbonate Plasma for Fusion and Space Applications

Investigation into geometric effect in capillary discharge plasma generator using an improved ablation model

An electrothermal plasma model considering polyethylene and copper ablation based on ignition experiment

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