Characterization of sprayed CuInS2 films by XRD and Raman spectroscopy measurements

High photo-conversion efficiency in double-graded Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2thin film solar cells with two-step sulfurization post-treatment

“…The A 1 mode CIS peak appears at spots 1 to 6 in the high S concentration CIGSSe film [Figure (d)]. The CIS peak shifts linearly from 294 to 290 cm −1 with changing S/(S + Se) concentration, as indicated in Table . Table also shows that the CIGSSe A 1 ‐mode peak exhibited a linear frequency shift that reflects the change in Ga/(Ga + In) ratio.…”

Formation of p-type CuInS2 absorber layers via sulfurization of co-electrodeposited Cu–In precursors

“…35 CuInS 2 exhibits three metastable semiconducting phases: a cubic CuPt-type ordered phase, hexagonal CuAu-type ordered phases and the tetragonal chalcopyrite phase. 38 This result suggests that the manufacturing method of CuInS 2 plays a critical role in the quality of the solar cell. 38,39 Lee et al reported the presence of both phases aer sulfurization of precursors with different Cu/In ratios.…”

“…In addition, the formation of MoS 2 at the substrate/absorber interface is less pronounced for Cu-rich than Cu-poor lms. 38 In their work, sulfurized metallic precursors have been reported to exhibit better crystallinity than CuInS 2 lms obtained by spray pyrolysis. 36,37 The latter two phases can co-exist in the same material.…”

“…Cu-poor lms form CuIn 5 S 8 and b-In 2 S 3 while Cu-rich lms forms CuS segregating at the surface; 34 the latter can be removed by etching with KCN. 38,39 Lee et al reported the presence of both phases aer sulfurization of precursors with different Cu/In ratios. 35 CuInS 2 exhibits three metastable semiconducting phases: a cubic CuPt-type ordered phase, hexagonal CuAu-type ordered phases and the tetragonal chalcopyrite phase.…”

Ionic compounds lamination reaction and characteristics of photosensitive copper indium sulfide on titania nanotube arrays

“…There are many crystalline phases for CIS synthesis, including polymorphisms of chalcopyrite, sphalerite (zinc-blend), wurtzite as well as ordered copper-gold, and copper-platinum structures [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. A variety of chemical solution approaches for synthesizing CIS nanostructures have been reported, such as molecular source [15], colloid and hydro/solvothermal methods [16][17][18], microwave heating [19], and surfactant-assisted chemical reactions [18,20].…”