Characterization of syngas and bio-char: Co-products from pyrolysis of waste fish fats

Abstract

Waste fish fats from Tunisian fish industry were pyrolyzed under nitrogen in a laboratory scale fixed-bed reactor. The pyrolysis was performed with a heating rate of 5°C/min from the ambient up to a final temperature of 500°C. In these conditions the main product is bio-oil (55 wt.%) while the coproducts are syngas (44 wt.%) and bio-char (1 wt.%). The objective of this work is to characterize syngas and bio-char, to improve this technology in environmental and economic terms. The bio-char is characterized using elemental analysis (CHNS), moisture content, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses furthermore the syngas composition is determined during the pyrolysis reaction. From the obtained results, we can conclude that the characterization of the pyrolysis by-products indicate that: (i)The syngas contains CH 4 , CO 2 , CO and H 2 S; (ii) The bio-char characterization by elemental analyses indicates a high oxygen content and a moderate carbon content; these properties are confirmed by a high proportion of oxygenated functions and a modest aliphaticity (FTIR analyses).

Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment by Eggshell Modified Biochar as Adsorbent: Atechno-Economic and Sustainable Approach

“…The XRD patterns of biochars BC 300–550°C exhibited the predominance of two main crystalline minerals, i.e., quartz (SiO 2 ) and calcite (CaCO 3 ). Similarly, Kraiem et al [17] indicated the occupancy of quartz and calcite in biochar prepared from the pyrolysis of waste fish fats at a temperature of 500°C. The XRD peaks observed at 2 θ approximately of 20.9°, 36.6°, 50.2°, and 60.0° could be associated with (100), (110), (112) and (121) planes of SiO 2 , respectively [13].…”

Physical Characteristics and Processing Results of Chemical Compounds from Three Soybean Varieties as Indonesian Functional Food

“…The small peak above 3007 cm−1 corresponds to the aromatic group of the C=CH symmetric stretching vibration. The peak between 2800 and 3000 cm−1 corresponds to the C-H stretching vibration of the aliphatic group [59].In this region, the peaks at 2926 and 2856 cm-1 (which are asymmetric and symmetrical absorptions of the methylene group stretching vibrations) [59,60]. There are two peaks at 1745 and 1161 which correlate with the stretching vibration of the carbonyl (C = O) of the ester bond, and with the asymmetric stretching vibration of the C-O ester bond, [61]and the peak above 961 cm−1 corresponds to the bending vibration of the CH functional group which is associated with the aromatic structure.…”

“…There are two peaks at 1745 and 1161 which correlate with the stretching vibration of the carbonyl (C = O) of the ester bond, and with the asymmetric stretching vibration of the C-O ester bond, [61]and the peak above 961 cm−1 corresponds to the bending vibration of the CH functional group which is associated with the aromatic structure. The peak above 723 cm−1 corresponds to deformation vibrations by unbranched aliphatic chains with more than four CH2 groups [59].…”

Recent Development of Biomass and Plastic Co-Pyrolysis for Syngas Production

“…It should however be noted that in-line gas analysis (in-situ method) can also be performed. For instance, Kraiem et al [66] studied the characterization of syngas production from pyrolysis of waste fish fats. The syngas composition was measured in-situ using a portable gas analyzer (Geotechnical Instrument GA 2000, USA).…”