Characterization of the Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Drabescus ineffectus and Roxasellana stellata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Drabescini) and Their Phylogenetic Implications

Abstract

To explore the mitogenome characteristics and shed light on the phylogenetic relationships and molecular evolution of Drabescini species, we sequenced and analyzed the complete mitochondrial genome of two species including Drabescus ineffectus and Roxasellana stellata. The complete mitogenomes of D. ineffectus and R. stellata are circular, closed and double-stranded molecules with a total length of 15744 bp and 15361 bp, respectively. These two newly sequenced mitogenomes contain the typical 37 genes. Most protein-coding genes (PCGs) began with the start codon ATN and terminated with the terminal codon TAA or TAG, with an exception of a special initiation codon of ND5, which started with TTG, and an incomplete stop codon T-- was found in the Cytb, COX2, ND1 and ND4. All tRNAs could be folded into the canonical cloverleaf secondary structure except for the trnS1, which lacks the DHU arm and is replaced by a simple loop. The multiple tandem repeat units were found in A + T-control region. The sliding window, Ka/Ks and genetic distance analyses indicated that the ATP8 presents a high variability and fast evolutionary rate compared to other PCGs. Phylogenetic analyses based on three different datasets (PCG123, PCG12R and AA) using both Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods showed strong support for the monophyly of Drabescini.

Characterization, Comparison of Four New Mitogenomes of Centrotinae (Hemiptera: Membracidae) and Phylogenetic Implications Supports New Synonymy

“…The relationships among tribes in Deltocephalinae, especially Opsiini, Paralimnini, Deltocephalini, Chiasmini, and Drabescini, remain unstable. Previous analyses have also yielded inconsistent results for this group [70,71]. The Membracidae subfamilies Smiliinae and Centrotinae are both recovered as monophyletic groups, which is generally consistent with previous studies [8-10,40,65,66], but Membracidae…”

Characterization of Two Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Atkinsoniella (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellinae) and the Phylogenetic Implications

“…Moreover, there were some kinds of unmatched base pairs (Figures 4 and 5). These two structural characteristics are also present in other leafhoppers [40,48,49,[66][67][68][69]. In the predicted secondary structure, the length of the anticodon loop of all tRNAs was highly conserved for 7 bp, compared to the variable sizes of the DHU and TΨC loops.…”

The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Four Hylicinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae): Structural Features and Phylogenetic Implications

“…The majority of PCGs in the four newly sequenced mtgenomes used standard initial codons for the genetic code 5 (invertebrate mitochondrion): ATN, except for nad5 in three of the four newly sequenced Hylicinae which started with TTG (N. tuberculatus, H. paradoxa, and B. fujiana, Tables S1-S3), as seen in previous leafhoppers [29,30,61], while nad5 in K. nativa started with ATT (Table S4). After counting the terminating codon, the majority of PCGs of four mtgenomes stopped with codon TAA or TAG, whereas the remaining PCGs were stopped with a single T (Tables S1-S4).…”

“…Those characteristics make mtgenome a new tool. In the past decade, mtgenomes have proven to be a useful source for studies on interand intra-specific variation as well as the systematics and phylogeny of arthropods at different levels including leafhoppers [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Therefore, mtgenomes may be a better method to analyze the taxonomic and phylogenetic status of Hylicinae.…”