Characterization of the European type of maternal lineage evident in extant Jeju native pigs

Abstract

Using a partial D-loop sequence of mtDNA, an intensive analysis was conducted of the maternal lineages of Jeju native pigs (JNPs) from Korea. In total, 100 mtDNA sequences were obtained from Asian wild boars (AWBs), European wild boars (EWBs), Asian domestic pigs (ADPs), European domestic pigs (EDPs), and JNPs and were used for phylogeny and network analyses. Two distinct JNP groups -one (JNPA) in the Asian cluster and the other (JNPE) in the European cluster -were identified in the estimated phylogenetic tree and network. The maternal lineage of JNPE was the closest to that of EWB and a clear haplogroup was identified that shared an identical haplotype (hap04) among 15 individuals of JNPE and 2 individuals of EWB. A Landrace and an EWB shared hap03 with a JNPE. EWB, Landrace, Large White, and Duroc formed two clear haplogroups with JNPE in a parsimonious medianjoining network analysis, suggesting that an obvious maternal contribution of EDP has occurred in JNPE in recent years. A pair-wise mismatch analysis also indicated that JNPE may have experienced a sudden population expansion, suggesting a more recent establishment compared with the gradual popThe first two authors, BWK and ICC, contributed equally to this work. ulation expansion of JNPA. The JNPE group therefore should be further evaluated in order to decide whether this group should be culled or accepted into further programs for maintenance of the JNP population as a pure breed.

Divergent Evolutional Mode and Purifying Selection of theKITGene in European and Asian Domestic Pig Breeds

“…Unexpectedly, KNP01 were grouped with three European wild boars, which shared the same mtDNA haplotype (H33). The reason might be for European maternal inheritance in KNP during the early breeding history [32]. The mtDNA distinct clades supported the independent domestication events of pigs and were consistent with the independent evolution of the KIT gene in Asia and Europe, even though there were several introgressions in European and Asian pigs.…”

Retracted: Myogenic regulatory factors are key players in determining muscle mass and meat quality in Jeju native and Berkshire pigs

“…To overcome these issues, JNPs were crossbred with Berkshire pigs, as these are considered a breed suitable for meat production. Thus, practical breeding of JNPs was achieved by crossbreeding with Berkshire pigs (Hur et al, 2013;B.-W. Kim et al, 2011). Crossbred pigs of JNPs and Berkshire pigs exhibited improved meat quality; thus, this meat is highly popular among Korean consumers.…”

“…Thus, practical breeding of JNPs was achieved by crossbreeding with Berkshire pigs (Hur et al., 2013; B.‐W. Kim et al., 2011). Crossbred pigs of JNPs and Berkshire pigs exhibited improved meat quality; thus, this meat is highly popular among Korean consumers.…”

Comprehensive genome and transcriptome analyses reveal genetic relationship, selection signature, and transcriptome landscape of small-sized Korean native Jeju horse

“…Jeju is the largest island in the Korean peninsula 1 and has a climate that is distinct from that of the Korean mainland. The Jeju island is home to several indigenous livestock species, such as chickens, pigs, dogs, and horses, which have been bred as closed flock 2 . Among the indigenous species, the Jeju horse (JH) is one of the most important animals from an historical, cultural, and economical perspective 3 .…”