Characterization of the Fusarium sambucinum species complex and detection of multiple mycotoxins in Brazilian barley samples

Iwase, Caio Henrique Tadashi; Piacentini, Karim C.; Giomo, Patrícia P.; Čumová, Martina; Wawroszová, Simona; Běláková, Sylvie; Minella, Euclydes; Rocha, Liliana O.

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109336

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…In Brazil, previous studies revealed a high frequency of the FSAMSC in wheat, barley, and rice, leading to the high occurrence of DON in grains. Despite this knowledge, information correlating mycotoxin contamination to the predominant species in Brazilian oats is still scarce [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. In Europe, the high occurrence of F. poae in cereals is responsible for NIV contamination [37,52], while in Asia, NIV contamination is attributed to F. asiaticum [53,54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating the co-occurrence of these mycotoxins in Brazilian oat grains and their correlation with associated Fusarium species. However, the co-occurrence of DON and NIV has already been reported in 86% of Brazilian wheat kernels analyzed [45] as well as in 29.6% of Brazilian barley samples [51]. The main concerns about co-contamination are the possible interactions and potential synergistic effects that these mycotoxins may have on animal and human health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Survey of Freshly Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Pinheiro

Iwase

Bertozzi

et al. 2021

Toxins

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The current study investigated the fungal diversity in freshly harvested oat samples from the two largest production regions in Brazil, Paraná (PR) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS), focusing primarily on the Fusarium genus and the presence of type B trichothecenes. The majority of the isolates belonged to the Fusarium sambucinum species complex, and were identified as F. graminearum sensu stricto (s.s.), F. meridionale, and F. poae. In the RS region, F. poae was the most frequent fungus, while F. graminearum s.s. was the most frequent in the PR region. The F. graminearum s.s. isolates were 15-ADON genotype, while F. meridionale and F. poae were NIV genotype. Mycotoxin analysis revealed that 92% and 100% of the samples from PR and RS were contaminated with type B trichothecenes, respectively. Oat grains from PR were predominantly contaminated with DON, whereas NIV was predominant in oats from RS. Twenty-four percent of the samples were contaminated with DON at levels higher than Brazilian regulations. Co-contamination of DON, its derivatives, and NIV was observed in 84% and 57.7% of the samples from PR and RS, respectively. The results provide new information on Fusarium contamination in Brazilian oats, highlighting the importance of further studies on mycotoxins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Freshly Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Pinheiro

Iwase

Bertozzi

et al. 2021

Toxins

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show abstract

“…In Brazil, previous studies revealed a high frequency of the FSAMSC in wheat, barley and rice, leading to the high occurrence of DON in grains. Despite this knowledge, information correlating mycotoxin contamination to the predominant species in Brazilian oats is still scarce [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50]. In Europe, the high occurrence of F. poae in cereals is responsible for NIV contamination [36,51]; while in Asia, NIV contamination is attributed to F. asiaticum [52,53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of Brazilian barley samples [50]. The main concern about co-contamination is the possible interactions and potential synergistic effects that these mycotoxins may have on animal and human health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of Freshly-Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Pinheiro¹,

Iwase²,

Caramês³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Oats are a nutrient rich cereal used for animal feed and growing in human consumption. This cereal can be affected by Fusarium spp., causing the disease Fusarium Head Blight. This disease is caused mainly by species within the Fusarium graminearum species complex, and are also responsible for producing mycotoxins that are harmful to humans and animals. This study aimed to investigate fungal diversity in Brazilian oat samples, focusing on the Fusarium sambucinum species complex and the presence of type B trichothecenes (deoxynivalenol and its derivatives, and nivalenol) from two different regions; Paraná (PR) and Rio Grande do Sul (RS). The isolated fungi from oat grains were identified as species from the genera: Fusarium, Phoma and Alternaria. The majority of Fusarium isolates belonged to the Fusarium sambucinum species complex; identified as F. graminearum s.s., F. meridionale and F. poae. In the RS region, F. poae was the most frequent fungus, while FGSC was the most frequent in the PR region. The majority of F. graminearum s.s. isolates were of the 15-ADON genotype, while some 3-ADON genotypes were identified; however, F. meridionale and F. poae were all of the NIV genotype. Mycotoxin analysis revealed that 92% and 100% of the samples from PR and RS were contaminated with type B trichothecenes, respectively. The oats from PR were predominantly contaminated with DON, whereas NIV was predominant in oats from RS. Analysis showed that 24% of the samples were contaminated with DON at levels higher than Brazilian regulations. Co-contamination of DON, its derivatives and NIV was observed in 84% and 57.7% of the samples from PR and RS, respectively. The results provide new information on Fusarium contamination in Brazilian oats, highlighting the importance for further studies on mycotoxins.

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“…Type B trichothecenes such as the acylated forms of DON in 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON) and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON) have also been detected in barley from Uruguay due to infection with F. gramunearum species-complex (FGSC) and NIV from F. poae (Garmendia et al 2018). Iwase et al (2020), meanwhile, detected the prevalence of Fusarium species belonging under the F. sambucinum species complex (FSAMSC) in Brazilian barley samples, with FGSC as the major contaminant from the complex. All the Fusarium-infected samples were contaminated by mycotoxins, including beauvericin (BEA), DON, enniatin (ENN), fumonisin B (FB), NIV and ZEN.…”

Section: Climate Changes and Occurrence Of Fusarium Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for suppressing Fusarium infection during malting and their effect on malt quality

Ng¹,

Postulkova²,

Matoulková³

et al. 2021

Czech J. Food Sci.

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The incidence of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal grains such as barley and wheat is of growing concern due to climate change threatening food safety. Further processing of cereals by malting provides an ideal environment for the growth of Fusarium, leading to food safety concerns due to the production of mycotoxins, production challenges with the negative effects to malt and beer qualities, and economic loss owing to the field yield reduction. To improve food safety and product quality, different methods of fungal control have been investigated and reported in the literature. Traditional methods to control fungal growth and mycotoxin production have included chemical and physical methods, but these treatments led to worsened malt properties, limiting their applicability to the brewing industry. Biological control methods have, therefore, attracted wide interest as alternative treatments due to their ability to limit Fusarium growth and mycotoxin production in malting cereals without toxic by-products, thus exhibiting promise for improving food safety. Various biological agents have been investigated and applied in malting and have shown the potential to suppress Fusarium spp. growth and mycotoxin production. These agents include several lactic acid bacterial (LAB) species and Geotrichum candidum. Another promising biocontrol agent for malting control is Pythium oligandrum, which has successfully limited Fusarium infection in other agricultural crops. The review outlines the Fusarium-control methods reported referenced for the brewing industry and the present prospects in biological control applications on the promise of P. oligandrum as a novel agent for malting.

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Characterization of the Fusarium sambucinum species complex and detection of multiple mycotoxins in Brazilian barley samples

Cited by 19 publications

References 58 publications

Survey of Freshly Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Survey of Freshly Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Survey of Freshly-Harvested Oat Grains from Southern Brazil Reveals High Incidence of Type B Trichothecenes and Associated Fusarium Species

Methods for suppressing Fusarium infection during malting and their effect on malt quality

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