Characterization of theColletotrichumSpecies Causing Anthracnose in Andean Blackberry in Colombia

Abstract

Since 1992, anthracnose of Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus) has generated losses as high as 40% for farmers in Colombia. In this study, our goal was to characterize 240 Colletotrichum isolates from Andean blackberry in eight areas of Colombia. These isolates were evaluated according to morphological characteristics, sensitivity to benomyl, pathogenicity, and genetic variability. Identification of the genus Colletotrichum was achieved by using species complex-specific polymerase chain reaction primers. A multilocus phylogeny approach was used to identify isolates to the species level with sequences from the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region and partial sequences of the actin, β-tubulin 2, calmodulin, chitin synthase 1, glutamine synthetase, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase genes. Most of the isolates were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato, were associated with the Castilla ecotype, showed high sensitivity to benomyl, and were highly aggressive. Isolates identified as C. acutatum sensu lato were found mainly on the Thornless ecotype, were highly resistant to benomyl, and showed intermediate aggressiveness. Only three isolates were identified as C. boninense sensu lato. The species identified included C. fructicola, C. kahawae subsp. ciggaro, C. godetiae, C. karstii, C. brassicicola, and undetermined Colletotrichum spp. This study is the first report of these species associated with anthracnose in Andean blackberry.

Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose of Pyrus spp. in China

“…isolate Q026 (Fig. 5), which was reported to be associated with anthracnose of Rubus glaucus in Colombia (Afanador-Kafuri et al 2014). However, C .…”

Colletotrichum fructicola, a Member of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato, is the Causal Agent of Anthracnose and Soft Rot in Avocado Fruits cv. “Hass”

“…Further research focused on determining the distribution of Colletotrichum species is needed for implementation of specific management strategies based on fungicide applications in each avocado production region, because variation in sensitivity can occur as well as the emergence of fungicide-resistant isolates [ 52 , 53 ]. Furthermore, the emergence of more aggressive species of Colletotrichum highlights the need for regular surveys, particularly when taking into account the fact that most commercial groves are cv.…”

Aislamientos endofíticos de Colletotrichum spp. a partir de hojas y ramas de mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivar Azúcar en el municipio de Ciénaga, Magdalena, Colombia

“…El análisis de ácidos nucléicos proporciona la información más confiable para la clasificación de especies de Colletotrichum, y los estudios biológicos sirven de complemento. La identificación de un grupo de genes distintivos y de regiones de espaciadores internos transcritos (Internal Transcribed Spacers, ITS) han permitido avanzar en el conocimiento de las especies de Colletotrichum asociadas a la antracnosis en diversas especies vegetales, entre ellas el mango y otros frutales (Cai, et al, 2009;Damm, et al, 2010;Cannon, et al, 2012;Afanador, et al, 2014;Ismail, et al, 2015;Gañán, et al, 2015).…”