Characterization of the Internal Pore Structures of Cotton and Chemically Modified Cottons by Gel Permeation

Martin, L.F.; Blouin, Florine A.; Rowland, Stanley P.

doi:10.1080/00372367108058962

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…and , The specific volume occupied by the solid cellulose in the water-wet fiber (required to calculate Vw, Equation 3) was taken as 0.629 ml/g, which corresponds to a density of 1.59 g/ml [9,12). V, values are the averages of six replicates having standard deviations from 0.001 1 to 0.010.…”

Section: Pore Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most recently, we determined the effect of various pretreatments on fiber accessibility [ 1, 3, 16]. Earlier work, however, compared the degree of change in pore size distribution effected by crosslinking with formaldehyde via selected techniques [5,11,12]. Industrially, cotton fabric is crosslinked not with formaldehyde itself but with formaldehyde derivatives of amides.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Residual Pore Volume, Resilience, and Strength of Crosslinked Cotton Cellulose

Bertoniere

King

1990

Textile Research Journal

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Cotton printcloth was treated with dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea to five addon levels. Magnesium chloride hexahydrate was the crosslinking catalyst. A reverse gel permeation chromatographic technique was used to follow changes in pore size distribution. Columns were prepared by settling water slurries of the ground cotton in a conventional manner. Three series of water soluble solutes were used to study the elution characteristics of the unmodified and crosslinked samples. The solutes

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Section: Pore Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Residual Pore Volume, Resilience, and Strength of Crosslinked Cotton Cellulose

Bertoniere

King

1990

Textile Research Journal

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“…In the presented study, however, the Kav of the internal standards, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and acetic acid (CH3COOH), is used as an indicator of the available porosity. A similar application of the method was described for investigating the porosity of cotton matter (Martin et al 1971). They used chromatographic columns filled with finely divided fibrous cotton to determine the relative Ve of sugars ranging in discrete molecular mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the permeability and porosity of anaerobic sludge granules by size exclusion chromatography

Alphenaar

Perez

Berkel

et al. 1992

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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A new application of size-exclusion chromatography is described for assessment of the permeability and internal pore distribution of anaerobic sludge granules. The fractionation range and adsorption characteristics were investigated for a series of standard proteins and dextrans. To determine possible adsorption of solutes and stability of the sludges, the pH and salt concentration of the mobile phase were varied. Good results were obtained using dextrans as solutes and tap water as the mobile phase. To inhibit the sludge activity without affecting the granule characteristics the experimental arrangement was operated at 4 ° C. Three granular sludge types were investigated. The permeability of the granular sludges varied from 7% to 96%. The exclusion limit expressed as molecular mass also showed large differences. For two sludges, molecules greater than 80 000 Da cannot penetrate the pores; for one sludge the exclusion limit is 1300 Da. Experiments using acetic acid as an indicator of permeability gave corresponding results.

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“…Data on the fraction of the total internal water volume accessible to the water molecule itself indicated a similarity between cotton and scoured jute, but these and other data suggested a repelling interaction between the surfaces on the internal pores of native jute and the sugars used as test solutes. This repellant effect is attributed to the presence of lignin on these surfaces.Previous reports discussed using the gel permeation technique to measure pore structure and changes in pore structure produced by chemical modification of cotton cellulose [2, [5][6][7][8][9]. Chopped or ball-milled samples of the cellulosic substrate were used as the packing in chromatographic columns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous reports discussed using the gel permeation technique to measure pore structure and changes in pore structure produced by chemical modification of cotton cellulose [2, [5][6][7][8][9]. Chopped or ball-milled samples of the cellulosic substrate were used as the packing in chromatographic columns.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gel Permeation Characteristics of Jute and Cotton

Bertoniere

Rowland

Kabir

et al. 1984

Textile Research Journal

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Gel permeation chromatography measurements, which have been used to demonstrate changes in the pore structure of cotton resulting from chemical modification, were used to compare the pore structures of jute and purified cotton cellulose and to determine the effect of scouring on jute. Both native and scoured jute had greater pore volumes than purified cotton. Scouring effected an increase in the internal volume of the jute fiber over the measured range of pore sizes. Data on the fraction of the total internal water volume accessible to the water molecule itself indicated a similarity between cotton and scoured jute, but these and other data suggested a repelling interaction between the surfaces on the internal pores of native jute and the sugars used as test solutes. This repellant effect is attributed to the presence of lignin on these surfaces.Previous reports discussed using the gel permeation technique to measure pore structure and changes in pore structure produced by chemical modification of cotton cellulose [2, [5][6][7][8][9]. Chopped or ball-milled samples of the cellulosic substrate were used as the packing in chromatographic columns. The elution volumes of . selected solutes having a range of known, discrete molecular weights were measured to characterize pore structure. Our study extends this type of investigation to jute, a lignocellulosic bast fiber. The pore structure of jute is compared with that of purified cotton cellulose, and the effect of scouring on the pore structure of jute is elucidated. Experimental . MATERIALSThe jute (Corchorus capsularis) was grown in Kaliakair, Bangladesh, 20 miles north of Dhaka. The seeds were planted in the spring of 1981 and the jute harvested in early fall. The plants were retted in flowing river water (--35°C) for approximately two weeks, the fibers stripped from the stems, and then sun dried for 2-5 hours. The fibers had been in storage approximately 9 months at the time of testing.-The cotton was ACCO Absorbent Cotton U.S.P. 96-9117 from Absorbent Cotton Co., Division of Dart Industries.3Dextran T-40 (MW = 40,000) was from Pharmacia; glucose was from Mallinkrodt Chemical Works; maltose and rafhnose were from Calbiochem; stachyose was from Aldrich Chemical Corp.The water used to elute solutes through the chromatographic columns was deionized and then further purified by passage through a Water-I system from Gelman Sciences. It was degassed by sonication under reduced pressure for 20 minutes. METHODS -Jute was examined in both the native and scoured state. It was cut into 1 inch lengths and cleaned mechanically in an experimental carding cleaner designed for removing debris from wool. Part of this mechanically cleaned jute was purified by scouring. The jute was placed in a 4 liter stainless steel beaker and covered with 4 liters of the scouring solution which contained 2% NADH and 0.5% Prechem 70 (weight/weight). The mixture was brought to a boil and held there for 30 minutes. The scouring solution was then replaced with fresh scouring solution and the procedur...

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Characterization of the Internal Pore Structures of Cotton and Chemically Modified Cottons by Gel Permeation

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Residual Pore Volume, Resilience, and Strength of Crosslinked Cotton Cellulose

Residual Pore Volume, Resilience, and Strength of Crosslinked Cotton Cellulose

Determination of the permeability and porosity of anaerobic sludge granules by size exclusion chromatography

Gel Permeation Characteristics of Jute and Cotton

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