Characterization of the Microbial Community and Polyketide Biosynthetic Potential in the Palmerolide-Producing Tunicate <i>Synoicum adareanum</i>

Riesenfeld, Christian S.; Murray, Alison E.; Baker, Bill J.

doi:10.1021/np800287n

Cited by 54 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Bacteria were observed throughout the tunic in all specimens of the Woods Hole C. intestinalis population that we examined (multiple individuals across both summer and winter collections). Similarly dense intratunic bacteria are commonly observed in colonial tunicates, including the Synoicum adareanum and Lissoclinum patella (Riesenfeld et al, 2008;Donia et al, 2011). Although the C. intestinalis specimens used in this study appeared to be healthy adults and the bacteria were observed spread evenly throughout the tunic tissue, we cannot completely discount the possibility that the observed tunic bacteria represent a pathogenic infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Bacterial diversity associated with the tunic of the model chordate Ciona intestinalis

et al. 2013

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The sea squirt Ciona intestinalis is a well-studied model organism in developmental biology, yet little is known about its associated bacterial community. In this study, a combination of 454 pyrosequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA genes, catalyzed reporter deposition-fluorescence in situ hybridization and bacterial culture were used to characterize the bacteria living inside and on the exterior coating, or tunic, of C. intestinalis adults. The 454 sequencing data set demonstrated that the tunic bacterial community structure is different from that of the surrounding seawater. The observed tunic bacterial consortium contained a shared community of o10 abundant bacterial phylotypes across three individuals. Culture experiments yielded four bacterial strains that were also dominant groups in the 454 sequencing data set, including novel representatives of the classes Alphaproteobacteria and Flavobacteria. The relatively simple bacterial community and availability of dominant community members in culture make C. intestinalis a promising system in which to investigate functional interactions between host-associated microbiota and the development of host innate immunity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Bacterial diversity associated with the tunic of the model chordate Ciona intestinalis

et al. 2013

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“…Interestingly, Riesenfeld et al found an abundance of proteobacterial 16S sequences and trans-AT PKS genes in an Antarctic didemnid ascidian (80). This ascidian also contained palmerolide, a polyketide with some biosynthetic similarity to patellazoles and a diverse array of other ascidian polyketides.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex microbiome underlying secondary and primary metabolism in the tunicate- Prochloron symbiosis

Donia

Fricke

Partensky

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

137

175

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The relationship between tunicates and the uncultivated cyanobacterium Prochloron didemni has long provided a model symbiosis. P. didemni is required for survival of animals such as Lissoclinum patella and also makes secondary metabolites of pharmaceutical interest. Here, we present the metagenomes, chemistry, and microbiomes of four related L. patella tunicate samples from a wide geographical range of the tropical Pacific. The remarkably similar P. didemni genomes are the most complex so far assembled from uncultivated organisms. Although P. didemni has not been stably cultivated and comprises a single strain in each sample, a complete set of metabolic genes indicates that the bacteria are likely capable of reproducing outside the host. The sequences reveal notable peculiarities of the photosynthetic apparatus and explain the basis of nutrient exchange underlying the symbiosis. P. didemni likely profoundly influences the lipid composition of the animals by synthesizing sterols and an unusual lipid with biofuel potential. In addition, L. patella also harbors a great variety of other bacterial groups that contribute nutritional and secondary metabolic products to the symbiosis. These bacteria possess an enormous genetic potential to synthesize new secondary metabolites. For example, an antitumor candidate molecule, patellazole, is not encoded in the genome of Prochloron and was linked to other bacteria from the microbiome. This study unveils the complex L. patella microbiome and its impact on primary and secondary metabolism, revealing a remarkable versatility in creating and exchanging small molecules.ascidian | metagenomics | photosynthesis | natural products

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“…Pseudovibrio isolates originated from marine invertebrates such as tunicates (Sertan-de Guzman et al, 2007; Riesenfeld, Murray & Baker, 2008), corals (Rypien, Ward & Azam, 2010) and sponges showed antimicrobial activity (Santos et al, 2010; O’ Halloran et al, 2011). Pseudovibrio isolates from corals have antagonist effect against V. coralliilyticus (Rypien, Ward & Azam, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and antimicrobial potential of culturable heterotrophic bacteria associated with the endemic marine spongeArenosclera brasiliensis

Rua

Trindade-Silva

Appolinario

et al. 2014

PeerJ

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Marine sponges are the oldest Metazoa, very often presenting a complex microbial consortium. Such is the case of the marine sponge Arenosclera brasiliensis, endemic to Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. In this investigation we characterized the diversity of some of the culturable heterotrophic bacteria living in association with A. brasiliensis and determined their antimicrobial activity. The genera Endozoicomonas (N = 32), Bacillus (N = 26), Shewanella (N = 17), Pseudovibrio (N = 12), and Ruegeria (N = 8) were dominant among the recovered isolates, corresponding to 97% of all isolates. Approximately one third of the isolates living in association with A. brasiliensis produced antibiotics that inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis, suggesting that bacteria associated with this sponge play a role in its health.

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Characterization of the Microbial Community and Polyketide Biosynthetic Potential in the Palmerolide-Producing Tunicate Synoicum adareanum

Cited by 54 publications

References 78 publications

Bacterial diversity associated with the tunic of the model chordate Ciona intestinalis

Bacterial diversity associated with the tunic of the model chordate Ciona intestinalis

Complex microbiome underlying secondary and primary metabolism in the tunicate- Prochloron symbiosis

Diversity and antimicrobial potential of culturable heterotrophic bacteria associated with the endemic marine spongeArenosclera brasiliensis

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