Characterization of the phenol monooxygenase gene from Chromobacterium violaceum: Potential use for phenol biodegradation

Abstract

In this work, the biodegradation mechanism of phenol and sub products (such as catechol and hydroquinone) in `ÜêçãçÄ~ÅíÉêáìã=îáçä~ÅÉìã was investigated by cloning and molecular characterization of a phenol monooxygenase gene in bëÅÜÉêáÅÜá~=Åçäá. This gene (`îãé) is very similar (74 and 59% of similarity and identity, respectively) to the ortholog from o~äëíçåá~=ÉìíêçéÜ~I bacteria capable of utilizing phenol as the sole carbon source. The phenol biodegradation ability of bK=Åçäá recombinant strains was tested by cell-growth in a minimal medium containing phenol as the sole source of carbon and release of intermediary metabolites (catechol and hydroquinone). Interestingly, during the growth of these strains on phenol, catechol, and hydroquinone accumulated transiently in the medium. These metabolites were further analyzed by HPLC. These results indicated that phenol can be initially orto or para hydroxylated to produce cathecol or hydroquinone, respectively, followed by meta-cleavage of aromatic rings. To verify this information, the metabolites obtained from HPLC were submitted to LC/MS to confirm their chemical structure, thereby indicating that the recombinant strains utilize two different routes simultaneously, leading to different ring-fission substrates for the metabolism of phenol. © KSBB hÉóïçêÇëW=éÜÉåçäI=ÄáçÇÉÖê~Ç~íáçåI=éÜÉåçäJãçåççñóÖÉå~ëÉI=éÜÉåçäáÅ=ï~ëíÉï~íÉê= = = = =

Draft Genome Sequence of the Phenol-Degrading Bacterium Cupriavidus sp. Strain P-10, Isolated from Trichloroethene-Contaminated Aquifer Soil

“…Genes encoding for a multicomponent-type phenol hydroxylase, which is one of the major enzymes related to phenol degradation found in natural environments ( 14 ), were found in the genome of strain P-10, as in our previous study ( 7 ). The complete set of meta -cleavage and ortho -cleavage metabolic pathways for catechol via catechol 2,3-dioxygenase and catechol 1,2-dioxygenase ( 3 ), respectively, were also found.…”

Cometabolic Degradation of Naproxen by Planococcus sp. Strain S5

“…The intradiol cleavage of the ring between C7 and C8 catalyzed by hydroxyquinol 1,2-dioxygenase is suggested to be the second step of naproxen degradation by Gram-positive strain S5. These two steps (hydroxylation and aromatic ring fission) are typical for xenobiotic degradation strategy in bacteria (Latus et al 1995 ; Perpetuo et al 2009 ; Guzik et al 2013 ).…”

Diversity and distribution of 16S rRNA and phenol monooxygenase genes in the rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria isolated from PAH-contaminated sites

“…Monooxygenases are a class of enzymes that play an important role in catalytic hydroxylation of aromatic compounds 43 , and the consequence of this biodegradation process is the production of phenolic intermediate products. In this study, the distributions and diversity of the phenol monooxygenase (PHE) gene in rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria of A. aequalis and O. corniculata grown in PAH-contaminated sites were investigated.…”